小熊猫感染肺炎克雷伯氏菌的检查及药敏试验

摘要

目的 为确诊导致一只6岁左右的雌性小熊猫死亡的病因.方法 无菌采集死亡小熊猫的心、肝、脾、肺等样品并进行病原学检查.通过对多个内脏样本进行细菌平行分离鉴定(形态特征、生化特性和16S rDNA分析),对分离得到的一株优势菌(R1)进行小鼠人工感染及药敏试验.结果 R1被鉴定为肺炎克雷伯氏菌,且未检测到别的细菌;R1对小鼠具有较强致病力,LD50为6.5×104 CFU/mL,且死亡小鼠与该小熊猫具有一致临床表现和病理剖解症状;R1对头孢噻肟等药物敏感,对丁胺卡那等药物敏感性为中介,对青霉素等耐药.结论 该小熊猫死于肺炎克雷伯氏菌感染.该菌对青霉素类抗生素耐药较强,且耐药谱较广,对大环内酯类、多肽类抗生素均有耐受作用,对头孢菌素类和氨基糖苷类抗生素敏感.%To confirm the etiology of a dead case for a 6 year-old female Ailurus fulgens,one strain of the predominant bacteria from pathologic tissues(heart,liver,spleen,lung and other samples) of the dead Ailurus fulgens were examined and isolated.The isolate was named R1 and no other bacteria were isolated.The bacterial etiological examination(morphological characteristics,biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA gene detection)of R1 showed that it was identifed as K.peneumoniae.Artificial infection to mice about R1 was also conducted in this study.R1 had strong pathogenicity to mice and the LD50 is 6.5 × 104 CFU/mL.Moreover,the clinical and pathological features of the dead mice were consistent with that of the Ailurus fulgens.To find effective therapeutic drugs of curing other Ailurus fulgens,antibiotic sensitivity test of R1 was conducted,and the results revealed that R1 was highly sensitive to cefotaxime et al,moderately sensitive to amikacin and resistant to penicillin.These data showed that K.peneumoniae was bacterial pathogen leading to death of the Ailurus fulgens and it had strong resistance to penicillins,macrolides and virginiamycin and it had broad drug resistance spectrum.However,R1 is sensitive to cephalosporins and aminoglycoside antibiotics.