常州市育龄妇女孕产期保健知信行现状分析

摘要

目的 了解江苏省常州市育龄妇女对孕产期保健知识的掌握水平、认知态度和行为现状,为探索孕产期保健干预策略提供依据.方法 借鉴健康教育的"知信行"理论,采取整群随机抽样的方法,抽取常州市8个社区的育龄妇女进行问卷调查,并对结果进行分析.结果 育龄妇女对孕产期保健知识的总体掌握程度(合格率95.4%)和认知态度(合格率98.0%)良好,但孕前保健知识的掌握水平偏低,保健行为持有率(合格率52.9%)亟待提高.相关分析显示育龄妇女的孕产期保健知识、态度和行为三者之间具有正相关性(r知识-态度=0.277,r知识-行为=0.388,r态度-行为=0.218,均P<0.01).结论 关注以育龄妇女为人群的孕前健康教育,提高育龄妇女在孕产期的保健行为,构建基于孕产期健康与需要的育龄妇女健康教育模式.%Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude and practice ( KAP ) of reproductive women on maternal health care in Jiangsu Changzhou, so as to provide basis for intervention measures on maternal health care. Methods Based on "KAP" theory of health education, cluster random sampling method was performed to collect reproductive women in 8 communities of Changzhou with questionnaires. The results were analyzed. Results Reproductive women had a good mastery of knowledge ( qualified rate: 95. 4% ) and attitude ( qualified rate: 98.0% ), but the level of pre-pregnancy health care knowledge was relatively low and the practice of reproductive women needed to be improved ( qualified rate: 52. 9% ). There was a positive correlation among knowledge, attitude and practice on maternal health care of reproductive women ( rk-a = 0. 277,rk-p = 0. 388,ra-p = 0. 218,all P <0. 01 ). Conclusion Close attention should be paid to the maternal health care of reproductive women, and their health behavior at pregnant and puerperal period should be improved. Health education mode based on maternal health care and needs for reproductive women have to be constructed.