中国东北地区腹主动脉瘤超声筛查初步结果

摘要

Objective To investigate the incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and its related risk factors in individuals over 60 years old in Liaoning Province, Northeast China. Methods A cross-sectional survey method was used to perform abdominal aortic ultrasound screening in a total of 3 560 individuals (effective data) with age ≥60 years old in 9 communities in Liaoning Province. The detailed medical history information were acquired and documented by written questionnaires. The investigated population was divided into AAA group and normal group according to the presence or absence of AAA in the screening process. The incidence rate of AAA was determained and the risk factors associated with AAA formation and progression were further analysed. Results A total of 32 (0.9%) individuals were positive for AAA, the incidence rates between male and female groups were 1.4% and 0.62%, respectively(P＜0.018). The incidence rates of AAA in 60～69, 70～79, 80～89 and＞90 years groups were 0.64%, 1.18%, 1.09% and 7.14%, respectively(P=0.003). Compared with the normal group, grade of body mass index (BMI) (x2=8.487, P=0.037) and the incidence of smoking history(x2=8.271, P=0.004), hypertension (x2=4.130, P=0.042), hyperlipidemia (x2=7.791, P=0.005), arteriosclerosis (x2=18.759, P＜0.001) were statistically higher in AAA group. Further binary logistic regression analysis found that smoking (OR=10.119, P=0.028), hypertension (OR=5.350, P=0.002), hyperlipidemia (OR=3.862, P=0.004) and arteriosclerosis (OR=2.965, P=0.019) were risk factors for AAA. Conclusion The overall incidence rate of AAA is 0.9% in Liaoning Province, Northeast China. The prevalence of AAA is much higher in male population and is increasing with age. Smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and arteriosclerosis are risk factors for AAA. Further large population based studies should be conducted to comprehensively investigate the incidence rate and risk factors for AAA intiation and progression.%目的 初步了解辽宁省60岁以上人群腹主动脉瘤(AAA)的发病情况及其相关危险因素.方法 采用横断面调查方法,纳入2017年4月至2017年10月随机抽取的辽宁省4个城市内9个社区,共计3 560名(有效数据)年龄≥60周岁的人群进行腹主动脉超声检查,采用问卷形式记录其病史信息及相关风险因素,以是否存在AAA分为AAA组和正常组,比较分析AAA形成的相关风险因素.结果 检出AAA阳性者共32例(0.9%),其中男性 18 例(1.4%),女性 14 例(0.62%).各年龄段 AAA 发病率分别为:60～69 岁 0.64%(8/1 752),70～79 岁 1.18%(12/1 020),80～89 岁 1.09%(8/732),90 岁以上 7.14% (4/56),差异有统计学意义(P=0.003). AAA组和正常组比较,身体质量指数分级(x2=8.487,P=0.037)、吸烟(x2=8.271,P=0.004)、高血压(x2=4.130,P=0.042)、高脂血症(x2=7.791,P=0.005)和动脉硬化(x2=18.759, P＜0.001))的发生率差异均有统计学意义.二元Logistic回归分析发现吸烟(OR=10.119,P=0.028)、高血压(OR=5.350,P=0.002)、高脂血症(OR=3.862,P=0.004)、动脉硬化(OR=2.965,P=0.019)是 AAA 发生的危险因素.结论 辽宁省60岁及以上人群AAA发病率为0.9%,男性发病率较女性高,且发病率随着年龄增加而增加.吸烟、高血压、高脂血症和动脉硬化是AAA发生的危险因素.