囊性肾癌的声像图分型及鉴别诊断

摘要

Objective　To study the sonographic features and patterns of cystic renal carcinomas.Methods　Thirteen cases with cystic renal carcinoma confirmed by operation and pathology were examined by ultrasonography, and the cystic walls, septums and solid mural nodules of them were studied.Results　Irregular thickening of the cystic walls,septums and solid mural nodules in some cases were specific findings for the ultrasonic diagnosis of cystic renal carcinomas. According to their pathologic mechanisms and sonographic features, cystic renal carcinomas were classified into three patterns: unilocular cystic mass, multilocular cystic mass,and cystic mass with solid mural nodule.Conclusions　Typical cystic renal carcinomas can be well diagnosed, while atypical cases may be misdiagnosed in benign renal cysts by ultrasonography. For these atypical cases, it is necessary to perform a needle aspiration guided by ultrasonography to make a definate diagnosis.%目的　探讨囊性肾癌的声像图特征及其分型。方法　对13例经手术和病理证实的囊性肾癌患者进行超声检查，并对其囊壁、分隔及壁上的实性结节进行研究。结果　囊性肾癌的超声特点为囊壁及分隔不规则增厚，部分患者囊壁上可见实性结节。依据囊性肾癌的发生机制和声像图表现，可将其分为3型：单房囊肿型、多房囊肿型、有壁结节的囊实型。结论　超声能对典型囊性肾癌作出正确诊断，但不典型者可误诊为良性肾囊肿。必要时应行超声引导下穿刺活检以明确诊断。