系谱和聚类分析在橡胶树内珠被组织培养中应用研究

摘要

The young fruits of 16 genotypes were collected to study the callus and embryo induction of inner integument in Hevea. Relationship between tissue culture and pedigree, cluster results were also studied. Results showed that the callus induction frequency was 68.46% ~100% ; and 7 genotypes were induced somatic embryogenesis with 3 of them induced relatively more embryos while the rest 9 genotypes could not differentiate. The genotypes with RRIM600 phylogenetic relationship showed strong embryogenesis ability, and the genotypes with IAN873, PB5/51 and CATAS217 showed week or no embryogenesis ability. The similarity coefficient was 0.56-0.89, and the 16 genotypes could be divided into 5 categories at 0.73. Somatic embryogenesis ability was highly consistent with pedigree analysis, not with cluster result. It implied pedigree analysis could be used to improve the medium screening efficiency of tissue culture in rubber tree. Finally, the research ideas- of application of molecular markers in tissue culture were discussed.%分析16种不同基因型橡胶树幼果内珠被愈伤组织诱导率、分化率；追踪参试基因型系谱；并基于25对EST-SSRs分子标记数据对其进行聚类分析,研究系谱、聚类结果与体胚发生的关系.结果表明:16种基因型的愈伤诱导率均较高,位于68.46％-100％,7个基因型愈伤组织能诱导出体细胞胚状体,其中3个基因型能够较大量诱导体细胞胚状体,其余9个基因型的愈伤组织完全不具备分化能力；具有RRIM600亲缘的基因型体胚分化能力强,具有IAN873、PB5/51、热研217亲缘的基因型体胚分化能力弱或无体胚分化能力；16种基因型的相似系数位于0.56～0.89间,在遗传距离0.73时分为5类.体胚发生结果与系谱分析结果基本吻合,与聚类分析结果吻合度不大；提示可以利用系谱分析提高橡胶树组织培养的培养基筛选效率.最后讨论分子标记应用于组织培养的研究思路.