Ellipsometry, a new optical surface-sensitive analytical technique for the investigation of the adsorption and interaction of biomolecules, has attracted more and more attention for its advantages of high sensitivity without disturbing the measured systems or involving in any labeling of reactants. Ellipsometry has been applied in the pilot studies on the hemocompatibility and rejection reactions of artificial materials and the mechanism of electrochemical reaction of biomolecules. It can detect a thin film of human plasma protein on solid surface within a few seconds, harvest ellipsometric images of adsorbent films of complex molecules of BSA and BSA antibody, and quantitatively determine the content of specific antibody in sample of blood serun without the involvement of any labeling of reactants. Therefore, ellipsometry is of a higher sensitivity and more convenient than ELISA. In this contribution, we attempt to review the main aspects of ellipsometric application in the field of biomedicine and bioengineering.%椭圆偏振术是一种新兴的用于研究生物分子固相表面吸附以及吸附分子间相互作用的表面分析技术.因其具有测量过程不破坏被测体系,灵敏度高(可达原子尺寸)等优点,正逐渐受到生物医学领域研究者的重视,并在医用人造材料的血液相容性、排异反应,以及生物分子的电化学反应机制等相关研究中得到了初步的应用.结果表明,该技术能在几秒钟内检测到固体材料表面吸附的血浆蛋白薄膜,能拍摄到牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和BSA抗体的复合分子吸附膜层的椭偏光图像,能在无需标记待测物的情况下,定量检测血清标本中特异性抗体的含量,而且灵敏度高于ELISA法.本文就该技术在基础生物医学及生物工程领域的若干重要应用进行综述.
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