食蟹猴骨髓源神经干细胞移植的实验研究

摘要

背景:目前的研究显示骨髓基质细胞(bone marrow stormal cells,BMSCs),可通过培养转分化为神经干细胞,但神经干细胞通过何种方法对脑皮质创伤灶进行修复以及在脑皮质创伤灶中是否具有生长、迁移能力等情况尚不清楚.目的:探讨食蟹猴自体骨髓基质细胞诱导分化成神经干细胞后移植到脑内的生长情况.设计:以实验动物为研究对象,前瞻性、对照研究.单位:一所军医大学医院的神经外科.材料:实验在解放军第一军医大学珠江医院全军神经医学研究所中心实验室进行,实验动物是由华南灵长类动物中心提供健康成年食蟹猴6只.干预:对6只食蟹猴进行了骨髓基质干细胞体外培养、诱导分化成神经干细胞,经BrdU标记后进行自体脑移植.主要观察指标:对接受实验干预的脑组织进行苏木精-伊红染色和免疫组化染色,光镜下观察.结果:苏木精-伊红染色显示即时移植和延迟移植的创伤区细胞数量都明显多于假移植治疗对照;免疫组织化学染色显示即时移植组和延迟移植组两组动物在干细胞移植后1～6个月脑皮质创伤灶内均有BrdU阳性表达细胞,移植后半年的动物在移植区邻近的脑白质内也可观察到有BrdU阳性表达的细胞,而创伤对照动物、假移植治疗动物和正常脑组织中则未见BrdU阳性表达.结论:BMSCs体外培养得到的神经干细胞经过自体移植能在脑皮质内存活,并且能增殖、分化和迁移,可成为神经干细胞的替代细胞或来源细胞;干细胞移植到陈旧性的脑皮质损伤灶也具有成活、增殖和迁移能力.%BACKGROUND: Researches indicated that bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) could differentiated into neural stem cells in vitro, but what was the role of neural stem cells(NSCs) in the recovery of cortical injury,whether the NSC is capable of growing and migration in injured still remained unknown.OBJECTIVE: To explore the growing state of autograft NSC derived from crab-eating macaque BMSC transplanted in brain.DESIGN: Prospective case control study based on experimental animals.SETTING: Department of neurosurgery in a hospital of a military medical university.MATERIALS: This study was carried out at Center Laboratory of Neurological Research Institute, Zhujiang Hospital affiliated to the First Military Medical University of Chinese PLA. Six healthy adult crab-eating macaques were purchased from the South China Primate Animal Center.INTERVENTIONS: BMSCs harvested from six crab-eating macaques were cultured in vitro and induced to differentiate into neural stem cells, which then labeled by bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU) and autografted into brains.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Brain tissues underwent hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining and immunohistochemical staining before observed under optical microscope.RESULTS: The results of HE staining showed that the cell number in injured brain vas obviously higher in both instant and delayed transplanting groups than sham-transplanting group; moreover cells were proved reacting to BrdU by immunohistochemical staining in cortical injuries of both groups at 1-6 months following stem cells autograft, as well as at neighboring white matters at half year later, but no BrdU positive cells could be found in traumatic controls, sham-transplanting group and normal brains.CONCLUSION: NSCs derived from in vitro cultured BMSCs were proved capable of surviving, proliferating, differentiating and migrating in cortex after autograft, so that BMSCs is considered as replacing cells or the source of NSCs; moreover autograft stem cells could survive, proliferate and migrate in old cortical traumatic focus.