细胞骨架与力学信号传导

摘要

背景：细胞在感受力学刺激后，通过一定的信号转导机制，将力学信号转换成化学信号，进而实现其生物功能。在这一系列的信号转导过程中，横贯细胞的细胞骨架作为枢纽，发挥着重要作用。　　目的：通过系统的分析和总结细胞骨架在力学信号转导通路中的作用机制，为细胞骨架相关疾病的临床治疗提供潜在的治疗靶点。　　方法：以英文检索词为“cytoskeleton，microtubules，microfilaments，intermediate filaments，mechanical stimulation，signal transduction ”及中文检索词为“细胞骨架、微管、微丝、中间纤维丝、机械刺激、信号传导”，由第一作者检索1990至2012年PubMed 数据库及中国知网中文科技数据库，查阅近年机械刺激对细胞骨架影响的相关文献，最终保留48篇文献。　　结果与结论：机械刺激是细胞增殖、生长发育以及凋亡的重要因素。随着对细胞骨架认识的逐渐深入，人们发现细胞骨架在细胞对力学刺激的感受和信息传导的过程中起重要作用。机械刺激作用于细胞后，通过 Rho家族蛋白、蛋白激酶C、整合素以及丝裂原激活蛋白激酶等多条信号通路，且各种信号传导通路中存在交联，从而影响细胞骨架的重组，并将力学刺激进一步转换成化学信号，最终完成其生物效应。%BACKGROUND:cells under mechanical stimulation can achieve their biological functions by converting mechanical signals into chemical signals through certain signal transduction mechanism. As the fibrous framework throughout a cell, cytoskeleton is one of the critical components in this process. OBJECTIVE:Through systemical y analyzing the role of the cytoskeleton in mechanical signal transduction, to provide a potential therapeutic target for the clinical treatment of cytoskeleton related diseases. METHODS:In order to search relevant articles about the mechanics mechanism of signal transduction of cytoskeleton from PubMed and CNKI databases (from 1990 to 2012), a computer-based search was performed, using the key words of“cytoskeleton, microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, mechanical stimulation, signal transduction”in English and Chinese, respectively. After eliminating literatures which were irrelevant to research purpose or containing a similar content, 48 articles were chosen for further analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Mechanical stimulation plays an important role in cellproliferation, development and apoptosis. With the gradual understanding of the biological function of cytoskeleton, people have found that cytoskeleton is one of the critical components in the process of the mechanical signal transduction. After getting mechanical stimulation, cytoskeleton can be reorganized through Rho, protein kinase C, integrin and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways, then converting the mechanical stimulation to chemical signals and finishing its biological functions final y.