自体颗粒骨结合骨泥打压植骨治疗成人Crowe Ⅲ型先天性髋关节发育不良伴髋臼缺损

摘要

BACKGROUND:Considering the risk of lack of bone in revision and the bone coverage of component,it is advisable to use bone grafting to increase bone stock in patients with adult Crowe type Ⅲ developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in the first total hip arthroplasty (THA).OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effectiveness of impaction bone grafting with morselized bone and bone paste for acetabular defects of adult Crowe type Ⅲ DDH in THA.METHODS:Forty cases (45 hips) of Crowe type Ⅲ DDH were enrolled,including 8 males and 32 females,aged 31-68 years.All the components were reconstructed at the anatomic acetabulum combined with deepening acetabulum and putting the centre of rotation medially and distally during THA procedures.The patients were all followed up and evaluated with Harris score,limp length,displacement of the centre of rotation,cup coverage,and postoperative complications.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The average follow-up was 32.7 months.Acetabular rotation centers of all the cases were recovered (near) to normal.The incisions healed by first intention and there was no complication such as infection,dislocation,prosthesis loosening.The acetabular cup prosthesis did not displace and was covered well by bone at the last follow-up,the grafted bone particles got radiological osseointegration and the bone sclerosis zone disappeared.No radiolucent lines and screw fracture were detected.The Harris scores of affected hips at the last follow-up were significantly higher than those before surgery(P=0).The average leg length was increased (2.31 ±0.18) cm.The mean cup coverage was 78.1％.The postoperative horizontal and vertical distance of the hip center were shorter than those before surgery (P=0).Reconstructing the acetabulum with autogenous morselized bone graft impaction can effectively restore the acetabular coverage,maintain the stability of acetabular cup and provide better relative bone stock in THA for Crowe type Ⅲ DDH in adult,and moreover,the short-term effect is satisfactory.%背景:对于成人Crowe Ⅲ型先天性髋关节发育不良患者,考虑到臼杯骨覆盖率和翻修时骨质缺损的风险,在初次行全髋关节置换时利用植骨提升骨储备量是明智的.目的:探讨成人Crowe Ⅲ型先天性髋关节发育不良患者在全髋关节置换中,利用自体颗粒骨结合骨泥打压植骨治疗髋臼缺损的临床疗效.方法:纳入40例(45髋)成人Crowe Ⅲ型先天性髋关节发育不良患者,其中男8例,女32例,年龄31-68岁,在全髋关节置换治疗过程中,全部采用于真臼处加深髓臼、旋转中心内移和下移的方法,利用自体颗粒骨结合骨泥打压植骨技术修复髋臼缺损.术后随访观察髋关节Harris评分、肢体长度、旋转中心位移、假体覆盖率及并发症等.结果与结论:术后平均随访32.7个月,所有患者髋臼旋转中心都恢复(接近)正常,手术切口均一期愈合,无假体周围感染、松动、脱位等并发症发生,末次随访髋关节假体稳定,骨性覆盖良好,植骨处可见骨整合、骨质硬化带消失,未见螺钉断裂、假体周围透亮线等,患髋Harris评分明显高于治疗前(P=0);患侧肢体长度平均延长(2.31±0.18) cm,假体覆盖率为78.1％,治疗后旋转中心水平距离与垂直距离明显低于治疗前(P=0);结果表明在成人Crowe Ⅲ型先天性髋关节发育不良患者全髋关节置换中,采用自体颗粒骨结合骨泥打压植骨修复髋臼缺损,可有效恢复髋臼覆盖率,维持臼杯初始稳定性并增加骨储备量,近期疗效满意.