脐带间充质干细胞治疗脑胶质瘤:作用机制、安全性和未来应用前景

摘要

BACKGROUND: Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) are a group of cells that have self-renewal, highly proliferative and multidrug differentiation potential. The properties of UC-MSCs and their tumor tropism make them an ideal tool for glioma cell therapy. These cells can act by paracrine or as a delivery system for genes and drugs. It has been demonstrated that UC-MSCs can inhibit the growth of glioma and improve the survival after transplantation into the brain. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the molecular mechanisms and safety of UC-MSCs in the treatment of glioma and to provide a useful reference for further research. METHODS: We searched the PubMed and CNKI databases from 2000 to 2017 with the English terms of "glioma; umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells" and the Chinese terms of "glioma; umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells; safety; molecular mechanism". Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 55 articles were finally reserved for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: UC-MSCs have obvious effect on treating glioma. These cells can treat glioma through homing mechanism and paracrine mechanism as gene carrier and co-culture. Moreover, UC-MSCs have certain safety in the treatment of glioma.%背景:脐带间充质干细胞是一类具有自我更新能力、高度增殖能力和多向分化潜能的细胞.脐带间充质干细胞的特性尤其是肿瘤嗜性能力使其成为神经胶质瘤细胞治疗的理想工具.这些细胞可以通过旁分泌或者作为基因和药物的递送系统起作用.已经证明脐带间充质干细胞能够抑制脑胶质瘤的生长并改善移植入大脑后的存活.目的:总结脐带间充质干细胞在脑胶质瘤治疗中分子机制和安全性的研究和进展,并为其进一步研究提供有益的参考.方法:应用计算机检索2000至2017年 PubMed 和 CNKI 数据库相关文章,英文检索词为"Glioma;Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells",中文检索词为"胶质瘤;脐带间充质干细胞;安全性;分子机制".根据纳入与排除标准,最终保留55篇文献进行综述.结果与结论:①脐带间充质干细胞治疗脑胶质瘤有着明显的作用;②脐带间充质干细胞可以通过其归巢特征、旁分泌机制、作为基因载体和共培养对脑胶质瘤进行治疗;③脐带间充质干细胞在脑胶质瘤的治疗中具有一定的安全性.