咸宁市城区老年人社区护理需求及其影响因素分析

摘要

Objectives To investigate community health care demands status and its influencing factors of elderly in Xianning City and to provide scientific reference for better community nursing services.Methods A self-designed community health care demand questionnaire was used to analyze the current status of community health care de-mands for 294 elderly in Xianning city.Results The total score of community health care demands of the elderly in Xianning was 2.89 ± 0.82. The demand of health prevention was the highest ,while the demand of disease nursing was the lowest.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that demand of disease nursing(β′=0.131) ,health pre-vention(β′=0.152) ,and overall community health nursing(β′=0.178)for elderly with higher educational level were higher than elderly with lower educational level(P<0.05). The elderly who were married showed more demand of health prevention than the elderly who were unmarried ,divorced or widowed(β′=0.154 ,P<0.05). The demand of health promotion for the younger elderly(β′= -0.128)and elderly with higher economic level(β′= 0.163)were higher than the older elderly and elderly with low economic level(P<0.05).Conclusions The elderly showed higher demands of health promotion.Community health care services should be made according to the demands of the elderly.%目的：探讨咸宁市城区老年人社区护理需求及影响因素。方法采用自制社区护理需求问卷对咸宁市城区294名老年人进行问卷调查。结果咸宁市城区老年人的社区护理总需求得分为2.89±0.82分，疾病预防需求最高，疾病护理需求最低。多元线性回归分析显示，文化程度较高者疾病护理（β′＝0.131）、疾病预防（β′＝0.152）和社区护理总需求（β′＝0.178）得分高于文化程度较低者（P＜0.05）；有配偶者疾病预防得分高于未婚／离异／丧偶者（β′＝0.154，P＜0.05）；经济收入较高（β′＝0.163）和低龄（β′＝－0.128）者健康促进得分高于经济收入较低和高龄者（P＜0.05）。结论咸宁市城区老年人疾病预防的需求较高，应根据社区护理服务需求的影响因素有针对性地开展社区卫生服务。