3~6岁脑性瘫痪、智力残疾、孤独症儿童活动和参与功能障碍比较

摘要

Objective To compare the features of activity and participation difficulty of children with cerebral palsy, intellectual disabili-ty and autism. Methods 42 children with cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, and autism aged 3-6 years were evaluated with ICF-CY Ques-tionnaire. Results There were mild barriers in the domains of learning and applying knowledge, communication, mobility, self-care, domes-tic life and major life areas, and the moderate barriers in the domains of general tasks and demands, interpersonal interactions and relations. There were more barriers in learning and applying knowledge in children with cerebral palsy and intellectual disability than those with au-tism. Conclusion There are various features in activity and participation difficulty in children with cerebral palsy, intellectual disability or autism, which required diversity of educational rehabilitation strategies.%目的：比较脑瘫、智力残疾、孤独症儿童主要活动和参与障碍的特点。方法3~6岁参与教育与康复训练的残疾儿童42名，采用ICF-CY功能检查表进行调查。结果残疾儿童在学习和应用知识、交流、活动、家庭生活、自理和主要生活领域属于轻度障碍；在一般任务和要求、人际交往与人际关系领域属于中度障碍。智力残疾和脑瘫儿童在学习和应用知识领域的障碍高于孤独症儿童。结论脑瘫、智力残疾、孤独症儿童的活动和参与功能障碍有其不同特点，应构建多样性、阶段性、连续性的教育康复策略，实现残疾儿童康复与教育效果的最大化。