局部晚期胃癌根治术后复发部位分析及对术后放疗意义的探讨

摘要

目的 分析局部晚期胃癌根治术后(＞D1术)患者首次失败部位和影响复发的因素,评估术后辅助同期放化疗的必要性.方法 对2002-2004年在本院接受胃癌根治术(R0切除,＞D1淋巴结清扫)、病理诊断为T3～4N0～1M0期或TxN2～3M0期,复查超过1年且有完备医学书写记录的297例患者的临床、病理资料进行回顾分析.Ⅱ、Ⅲa,Ⅲb,Ⅳ期(M0)患者分别占19.5%、52.2%、17.8%、10.4%.76.1%患者接受了术后辅助化疗,仅2例接受了术后放疗.结果 全组中位随访时间61个月,随访率为92.3%.145例患者出现术后复发,中位复发时间26个月.复发患者中局部区域复发82例,与全组远处转移的79例相当.局部区域复发部位主要为残胃、吻合口、腹腔或腹膜后淋巴结;远处转移最多见于肝脏和肺.单因素分析影响局部区域复发的主要临床病理因素为病理类型(χ2=11.50,P=0.009)、淋巴结检出总数(χ2=6.65,P=0.010)、淋巴结阳性(χ2=5.80,P=0.016)、淋巴结包膜受侵(χ2=5.15,P=0.023)和病理分期(χ2=7.86,P=0.049).多因素分析显示病理类型、淋巴结检出总数、病理分期和Borrmann分型为影响局部区域复发的独立预后因素(χ2=6.77、19.33、17.84、6.02,P=0.009、0.000、0.000、0.014).结论 胃癌根治术后、＞D1淋巴结清扫且接受术后化疗者术后局部区域复发仍为主要失败原因,建议对局部区域复发高危患者行术后同期放化疔的前瞻性研究.%Objective The benefit of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy remains controversial for gastric cancer patients treated with more than D1 dissection. This retrospective analysis is to distinguish the first site of recurrence in patients treated with curative resection and more than D1 dissection and to find any feasible adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy recommendation for them. Methods All patients treated between January 2002 and December 2004 who met the following criteria were analyzed: primary gastric or gastroesophageal cancer, underwent curative gastrectomy ( UICC R0 ) and more than D1 lymphadenectomy,pathologically staged as T3-4N0-1 M0, or any Tx N2-3M0. There were 297 patients analyzed and 19.5%,52. 2%, 17. 8% , 10. 4% of patients had stage Ⅱ ( T3 N0 M0, T1 N2 M0 ), Ⅲa, Ⅲb and Ⅳ ( M0 ) diseases,respectively. 76. 1% of patients received adjuvant chemotherapy, while Only 2 patients underwent adjuvant radiotherapy. Failure patterns and the prognostic factors for locoregional recurrence were analyzed. Results The median follow-up time was 61 months and the follow-up rate was 92. 3%. 145 patients developed recurrence with a median recurrent time of 26 months. Locoregional recurrence was observed in 82 patients and distant metastasis in 79 patients. Gastric stump, anastomosis, intra-abdominal lymph nodes were the most common sites of locoregional recurrence. Liver and lung were the most frequent sites of distant metastasis. Prognostic variables for locoregional recurrence were identified after univariate analysis,including pathologic type ( χ2 = 11.50, P = 0. 009 ), total number of dissected lymph nodes ( χ2 = 6. 65,P =0. 010), the number of positive lymph node ( χ2 =5. 80,P =0. 016), lymph node capsular invasion ( χ2 =pathologic type, total number of dissected lymph nodes, lymph node capsular invation, AJCC TNM stage and Borrmann type were independent prognostic factors for locoregional recurrence ( χ2 = 6. 77,19. 33,17. 84 and 6. 02,P =0. 009,0. 000,0. 000 and 0. 014). Conclusions Locoregional recurrence remains the main cause of failure for locally advanced gastric or gastroesophageal cancer patients even though the patients have had more than D1 lymphadenectomy. The role of adjuvant concurrent hemoradiotheray for those patients is warranted.