听力信息系统下新入伍人员听力水平基线数据分析

摘要

目的：建立听力信息监控系统，应用该系统获得某军单位1、单位2、单位3应招入伍士兵听力信息基线数据，并对基线数据进行分析。方法评估及调研军事噪声听力检测入网设备及系统软硬件设备，建立军事噪声动态监控系统并与听力检测设备形成移动式局域网络，为不同营区496名即将从事高噪声军事作业的新入伍士兵进行常规体格检查和听力检查。统计学调查数据用PASW statistics 18进行分析，整体均数差异性比较采用非参数检验，P<0.05示差异有统计学意义。结果完成动态听力监控系统的建设，应用该系统分3天为496名男士兵完成听力学检测，以excel表形式导出全部听力数据并分析。结果示：检测士兵年龄范围17-25岁，平均年龄19岁，中耳鼓室图异常5人，根据GJB 2121-94分级，496名士兵中479人听力正常，17人存在听力损失；按照全频平均听阈分析，有73耳存在听力损失，其中轻度68耳，中度5耳。将496人各频率听力水平进行差异性比较，P<0.05，示各频率听力损失水平整体均值有显著统计学差异，组间多重两两比较P<0.01，示3kHz和6kHz分别与其余频率听力水平有显著统计学差异。结论应用听力损失动态监控系统获得军事噪声作业人员听力信息数据方便快捷；基线数据提示：部分士兵在军事噪声暴露前已存在不同程度的听力损失，获得精准的军事噪声听力损失数据，是进一步监控官兵听力损失的关键环节。%Objective To establish an information technology based dynamic military noise and hearing monitoring sys-tem. Methods A total of 496 new recruits received physical examinations and hearing tests. Using the information, a dynamic military noise monitoring system was established on a local computer network infrastructure. All auditory data were collected following a standard hearing examination protocol. The PASW Statistics 18 software was used for statistical analysis. Results The dynamic monitoring system was successfully established and the testing of the 496 soldiers using the system was complet-ed in three days. The soldiers aged from 17-25 years (average 19 years). Abnormal tympanograms were seen in 5 and various degrees of hearing loss based on the GJB 2121-94 standards were identified in 17 of these solders. Abnormal auditory thresh-olds were noticed in 73 ears (68 mild and 5 moderate). Hearing levels at different frequencies showed some differences were (P<0.05), especially at 3 kHz and 6 kHz (P<0.01). Conclusions This study indicates that the dynamic hearing monitoring sys-tem can collect and analyze hearing information personnel at potential risk of military noise exposure in a easy and fast fashion. The baseline data in this study indicate that many new recruits have hearing loss of various levels even before they were ex- posed to military noise.