目的：明确耳前瘘管的遗传方式及临床特征。方法调查我院11年来先天性耳前瘘管就诊138个患者及其家系，分析就诊患者临床特征，对138个家系进行系谱分析。结果82个家系有家族史，其中垂直传递的47个家系，隔代传递的有8个家系，家族聚集的有27个家系。发病侧别无明显遗传规律。耳前瘘管患者感染好发于30岁以下。结论先天性耳前瘘管患者为常染色体显性遗传，可表现为外显不全；反复感染的耳前瘘管患者需手术彻底切除瘘管组织才能获得痊愈。%Objective To determine the inheritance and clinical characteristics of congenital preauricular fistula. Methods Inheritance and clinical characteristics of 138 cases of congenital preauricular fistula with familial incidence treat-ed in our hospital in the past 11 years were reviewed and analyzed. Results A family history was revealed in 82 cases, among which 47 showed vertical inheritance, 8 showed an atavistic pattern, and 27 showed familial susceptibility. No hered-itary pattern could be determined regarding the affected sides. Infection of preauricular fistula was noticed especially in pa-tients below 30 years of age. Conclusion Congenital preauricular fistula is probably inherited by incomplete autosomal dom-inance. Patients with recurrent infections may be best managed by complete excision of fistula tissues.
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