目的:抽样调查甘肃省城乡中小学生的近视状况,探讨其可能的影响因素.方法:调查研究.采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,于2014年12月至2015年9月抽取甘肃省兰州、天水、庆阳、武威、甘南藏族自治州、临夏回族自治州11480名中小学生进行问卷调查,并对其进行眼科检查,如选用室内灯箱式E字标准对数视力表检查双眼视力,使用Topcon公司的电脑验光仪进行验光及光学相干生物测量仪(IOLMaster)检查等.采用卡方检验比较近视影响因素间差异,用Logistic回归筛选影响近视的相关因素.结果:调查结果显示,甘肃省城乡中小学生近视总患病率为71.33％,其中男生为70.49％,女生为72.23％,城市为74.46％,农村为66.56％,学生年级越高,近视程度越严重.Logistic回归分析提示影响近视的主要因素为个人行为习惯、近距离用眼时间、户外活动时间等.结论:甘肃省城乡中小学生的近视患病率高,应及早采取必要措施进行积极预防,培养学生健康的用眼习惯,提高学生保护视力的意识.%Objective: To investigate the status of myopia in primary and middle school students in Gansu province. Methods: By using a stratified cluster random sampling method, 11480 primary and middle school students from Lanzhou, Tianshui, Qingyang, Wuwei, Gannan Tibetan autonomous prefecture and Hui autonomous prefecture of Linxia in Gansu province from Decembere 2014 to September 2015, were enrolled in this study. A health questionnaire was used to investigate the students' habits for eye use and their ophthalmic status was investigated by measuring general visual acuity, computer optometry, and refractive parameters (measured by optical coherence biometry, IOLMaster). Chi-square and logistic regression analysis was performed on the myopia-related factors. Results: The results showed that the total prevalence of myopia was 71.33％ in primary and middle school students in Gansu province. The prevalence of myopia was 70.49％ and 72.23％ in males and females, respectively. The prevalence ofmyopia was 74.46％ and 66.56％, respectively, in urban and rural students. The higher the grade level, the more serious the degree of myopia. Logistic regression analysis showed that after the passage of individual behavior, close work, outdoor activities and time are the main factors for myopia. Conclusion: Primary and middle school students in Gansu province have a high prevalence of myopia. Promoting students' healthy habits and improving students' awareness for protecting eyesight should be applied.
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