足月新生儿眼轴长度测量及分析

摘要

目的 通过测量足月新生儿眼轴长度(AL),探讨正常新生儿AL的正常范围、特点及AL与胎龄、出生体质量等的关系.方法 横断面研究.选取2011年7月至2014年1月出生的足月新生儿750例,应用A超测量出生1～3 d新生儿双眼的AL.观察不同性别、胎龄、出生体质量、分娩方式足月新生儿的AL分布情况.采用t检验、单因素方差分析、Pearson相关分析及多元线性回归进行数据处理.结果 750例(1 500眼)足月新生儿的右眼和左眼AL分别为(16.54±0.59)mm、(16.54±0.56) mm,差异无统计学意义.以左右眼AL均值作为该新生儿的AL,足月新生儿AL平均值为(16.54±0.57)mm,95％CI为16.50～16.58 mm,其中男性新生儿AL为(16.55±0.57)mm,女性新生儿AL为(16.53±0.57)mm,差异无统计学意义.胎龄为37、38、39、40、41周组新生儿(各胎龄组分别为150例)的平均AL分别为(16.14±0.43)mm、(16.50±0.32)mm、(16.51±0.40)mm、(16.70±0.69)mm、(16.86±0.67)mm.出生体质量2.5～、3.0～、3.5～＜4.0 kg组新生儿AL分别为(16.34±0.52)mm、(16.52±0.51)mm、(16.73±0.61)mm.AL与胎龄、出生体质量均呈正相关(r=0.402、0.249,P＜0.01).与性别、分娩方式无相关性.将胎龄、出生体质量等因素纳入多元回归模型,得出回归方程:AL=10.391+0.151×胎龄.结论 正常足月新生儿平均AL为(16.54±0.57)mm.AL随着胎龄、出生体质量的增加而延长,而与性别、分娩方式无关.%Objective To measure the full-term newborns axial length (AL), and to study the associations with gestational age, birth weight, delivery mode, gender.Methods This was a cross-sectional study.A subset of 750 full-term neonates (1 500 eyes) were included.The age of neonates ranged from 1 to 3 days.AL was measured quantitatively by A ultrasound.Associations with atenatal factors were also studied, which include gender, gestational age, birth weight, and delivery mode.Data were analyzed using t test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correction and multivariable linear regression analysis.Results No significant difference between the right eyes 16.54±0.59 mm and the left eyes 16.54± 0.56 mm AL was found.The mean value of left and right eye AL was defined as the neonatal AL.Mean longitudinal AL was 16.54±0.57 mm, 95％CI 16.50～16.58 mm.There were 376 male neonates (50.1％) 374 female neonates (49.9％), whose AL were 16.55±0.57 mm and 16.53±0.57 mm.The mean AL of different gestational age from 37 weeks to 41 weeks were 16.14±0.43 mm, 16.50±0.32 mm, 16.51±0.40 mm, 16.70±0.69 mm, 16.86±0.67 mm.Both birth weight and gestational age were positively correlated with AL (r=0.402, 0.249, P＜0.01).The mean AL of different birth weight from 2.5～, 3.0～, 3.5～＜4.0 kg were 16.34±0.52 mm, 16.52±0.51 mm, 16.73±0.61 mm.AL had no correlation with gender, delivery mode.Multiple linear regression analysis showed the regression equation: AL=10.391+0.151×gestational age.Conclusion The full-term newbom AL was 16.54±0.57 mm.There was no significant difference between the right eyes and the left eyes AL.Gestational age and birth weight were positively correlated with AL.