放射性视网膜病变的研究现状

摘要

放射性视网膜病变和视神经病变都是放射治疗后发生的威胁视功能的严重并发症,均以血管内皮损伤为特征的一种迟发、慢性、进行性进展的血管闭塞性疾病.与视神经相比,视网膜血管对放射性损伤更为敏感,且最终可导致眼球萎缩,放射性视网膜病变的危害更大.本文探讨放射性视网膜病变的发病率、发病机制、危险因素、临床特征、治疗等,这对其诊断治疗和改善预后有重要的现实意义.近年来的基础和临床研究进展使我们对该病有了进一步的认识,本文就这方面的研究现状作一简要的综述.%Radiation retinopathy(RR) and radiation optic neuropathy(RON) are vision-threatening complications of head and/or neck irradiation therapy.Clinical features are characterized by delayed-onset,slowly progressive,occlusive vasculopathy caused by endothelial damage.Compared with the optic nerve,retinal vessels are more sensitive and harmful to radioactive injury and cause RR,which may progress to eyeball atrophy ultimately.Thorough understanding of the incidence,pathogenesis,risk factors,clinical characteristics and treatment of RR is of practice significance.Ongoing basic laboratory and clinical research efforts have led to a better understanding of this disease.This article reviews the present research status of RR briefly.