利用选择回交导入群体定位大豆蛋白质含量QTL

摘要

大豆是重要的植物蛋白来源，定位大豆蛋白质含量QTL，可为分子标记辅助育种和基因挖掘提供依据。本研究以我国综合性状优良的黄淮海主栽品种中黄13为轮回亲本，日本品种东山69为供体亲本，构建了BC2 F2回交导入系群体；利用性状-标记间的单向方差分析和卡方测验检测BC2 F2随机群体（ RP）及选择回交导入群体（ BSP、PSP和NSP）中影响大豆蛋白质含量的QTL。2种方法在4个群体中定位到蛋白质含量相关的QTL 42个，5个位点在随机群体和极端选择群体中被多次重复检测到，分别为Sat 202、Satt170、Satt282、Sat 074、和Satt146；单向方差分析在随机群体和双向选择群体中同时检测到Sat 077、Sat 202、Satt282、Satt146和Satt712等5个效应值较大（﹥10%）的蛋白质含量QTL，分别位于C1、C2、D1b、F和J连锁群上，位于D1b和J连锁群上的Satt282和Satt712效应最大，F值达到8.77、7.80和9.01、11.61，与其连锁的QTL能解释的表型变异分别达13.55%、21.40%和13.85%、28.82%；卡方测验在极端选择群体中检测到的8个QTL与单向方差分析在随机群体中检测到的位点一致，其中双向选择群体检测到4个（ Sat 202、Satt301、Sat 074和 Satt146）、正向选择群体检测到2个（ Satt250和Satt485）、负向选择群体检测到5个（Sat 202、Satt170、Satt282、Sat 074和Satt146）。定位到42个蛋白质相关QTL，结果表明单向方差分析对双向选择群体有一定的应用价值，卡方测验更适合单向选择群体的QTL检测。%[ Glycine max( L. )Merr. ]is an important source of plant protein. Identification of quantitative trait loci( QTL)for protein content in soybean could provide a base for molecular marker-assisted selection breed-ing and elite genes-discovering in soybean. Advanced backcross lines were developed with variety Zhonghuang 13,an elite and popular variety in Yellow -Huai-Hai Valley as the recurrent parent,and a Japanese cultivar Dongshan 69 as the donor parent. Segregation of SSR markers in random and extremely selected BC2 F2 populations of Zhonghuang 13 × Dongshan 69 were analyzed,and QTLs of protein content were detected with one-way ANOVA and Chi-square test. The results showed that:(1)A total of 42 QTLs associated with the protein content were de-tected in four populations by the two methods. 5 QTLs for protein content linked to Sat 202,Satt170,Satt282,Sat 074 and Satt146 were identified repeatedly in both random and extremely selected populations;(2)5 main effec-tive QTLs for protein content linked to Sat 077 ,Sat 202 ,Satt282 ,Satt146 and Satt712 were identified in both random and bilaterally selected BC2F2 populations by one-way ANOVA(P≤0. 05). They were located in linkage groups C1,C2,D1b,F and J. Satt282 and Satt712 had the highest effective values,with F value 8. 77,7. 80 and 9 . 01 ,11 . 61 respectively;QTLs linked with these markers could explain 13 . 55%,21 . 40% and 13 . 85%,28. 82% phenotypic varation in the two populations,respectively.(3)8 QTLs detected by Chi-square test in the extremely selected population were the same as those identified by One-way ANOVA in random population. In to-tal,42 QTLs related to protein content were mapped. One-way ANOVA was an effective method for bilateral se-lected populations,Chi-square test was more effective in QTLs detection for directional selected populations. De-tection of these QTL could facilitate the high protein breeding in soybean variety.