壳寡糖对高产花生叶片衰老及产量和品质的影响

摘要

在高产条件下,以小花生品种花育20号(HY20)和大花生品种花育25号(HY25)为材料,研究花针期和结荚期两次叶面喷施不同浓度壳寡糖(T0:0mg·kg-1、T1:50mg·kg-1、T2:100mg·kg-1、T3:200mg·kg-1)对叶片衰老、荚果产量和籽仁品质的影响.结果表明:(1)壳寡糖处理均提高了高产田花生饱果期和成熟期叶片叶绿素含量,显著提高了成熟期叶片保护酶SOD、POD、CAT活性,降低了MDA含量:不同浓度壳寡糖在不同品种上效果有所不同,在HY20上表现为T2＞T1＞T3＞T0,在HY25上表现为T2＞T3 ＞T1＞T0.(2)不同浓度壳寡糖处理提高了两个品种单株饱果数和饱果率,显著提高了荚果产量.壳寡糖处理略微降低了两个品种的籽仁蛋白质含量,显著提高了脂肪含量,提高了HY20的O/L值但降低了HY25的O/L值.其中T2处理对HY20的O/L值提高幅度最大,同时降低了HY25的O/L值.研究表明,在生产中用100mg·kg-1壳寡糖叶面喷施时,2个品种的籽仁产量、蛋白质和脂肪产量均最高,可达到花生生产的高产优质高效.%Cultivation experiments in high yield loam were conducted to study the effects of spraying oligochitosan at pegging and podding stage on leaf senescence,pod yield and kernel quality with Huayu 20 (HY20) and Huayu 25 (HY25) as materials.4 oligochitosan concentrations were applied,they were T0 (0mg · kg-1),T1 (50mg · kg-1),T2 (100mg · kg-1) and T3 (200mg · kg-1) respectively.The results showed that spraying different concentrations of oligochitosan significantly improved chlorophyll content and SOD,POD,CAT activities,reduced the leaf content of MDA at pod filling stage.Spraying oligochitosan significantly increased the pod yield by improving the pod number per plant and pod filling rate.Different concentrations of oligochitosan all improved the fat content but slightly reduced the protein content of both these two cultivars,meanwhile,these treatments improved O/L value of HY20 but reduced the value of HY25.These two cultivars obtained the highest yield,protein and fat content when the concentration of oligochitosan was 100mg · kg-1,which assisted in achieving high-yield,high-quality and high-efficacy of peanut production.