阶段性护理干预预防人工髋关节置换术后假体脱位的效果

摘要

Objective To explore the effects of stage-based nursing on preventing prosthesis dislocation after artificial hip replacement.Methods By sampling, we selected 56 patients with artificial hip replacement of Shandong Provincial Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University, from July 2014 to July 2015 in control group with routine nursing; and we selected 56 patients with artificial hip replacement from August 2015 to August 2016 in observation group with comprehensive and targeted holistic nursing by postoperative stage-based nursing based on routine nursing. The activities of living, extremity motor function, incidence of prosthesis dislocation and recovery of hip joint of patients between two groups before and six months after surgery.Results Before surgery, there was no statistical difference in the scores of activities of living and extremity motor function of patients between two groups (t=0.233, -0.791;P>0.05). Six months after surgery, the scores of activities of living and extremity motor function all increased in observation group with statistical differences compared with those in control group (t=2.388, 2.142;P<0.05). The rate of prosthesis dislocation and the score of Harris hip score was 1.79％ and (76.89±12.30) in observation group with statistical differences compared with those in control group (P<0.05).Conclusions Postoperative stage-based nursing can improve patients' activities of living and extremity motor function, and reduce the rate of prosthesis dislocation and effective improve hip joint after artificial hip replacement.%目的 探讨阶段性护理干预对人工髋关节置换术后患者假体脱位的预防效果.方法 采用便利抽样法,选取2014年7月—2015年7月山东大学附属省立医院收治的56例人工髋关节置换术患者作为对照组,采用常规护理;2015年8月—2016年8月收治的56例人工髋关节置换术患者作为观察组,在常规护理的基础上应用术后阶段性护理对患者提供全面针对性的整体护理.比较两组患者术前、术后6个月的生活能力及肢体运动功能改善情况、假体脱位发生率、髋关节恢复情况.结果 术前,两组患者的生活能力及肢体运动功能得分比较,差异无统计学意义(t值分别为0.233、-0.791;P>0.05);术后6个月,与对照组比较,观察组生活能力及肢体运动功能得分均升高,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为2.388、2.142;P<0.05);观察组假体脱位率为1.79％,髋关节Harris分为(76.89±12.30)分,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 术后阶段性护理措施可提高人工髋关节置换术后患者生活能力及肢体运动功能,降低患者假体脱位发生率,有效改善患者的髋关节情况.