新疆地区护理人员艾滋病预防与职业暴露防护知识及防护行为的调查

摘要

Objective To learn nurses' knowledge and behavior of AIDS precaution and HIV occupational exposure, aiming at existing problems, putting forward corresponding measures. Methods 520 nurses from 21 hospitals in AIDS severest districts of Xinjiang were investigated using self-designed questionnaire from October to December in 2007. Results Nurses lacked comprehensive knowledge of AIDS precaution and occupational exposure. The score of HIV medium's sterilization, the monitoring and preventing knowledge of HIV occupational post-exposure infection was low. Nurses' knowledge of AIDS precaution and occupational exposure showed significant statistical differences among different nations, education degrees, working sections, etc. And nurses' behaviors related AIDS prevention should be standardized and strengthened. Conclusions The training of nurses' knowledge of HIV occupational exposure and prevention should be attached importance to. Also, enhancing preventive awareness, implementing universal prevention, and improving hospital environment will play the vital parts in perfecting the management of nurses' HIV occupational exposure and prevention.%目的 了解新疆地区护理人员艾滋病预防与HIV职业暴露防护知识及防护行为的现状,针对存在问题提出相应对策.方法 2007年10-11月,用自行设计的调查问卷对新疆艾滋病重灾区的21家医院的489名护理人员进行调查.结果 护理人员对艾滋病预防及职业暴露与防护知识的总体掌握情况不足;对艾滋病病毒的灭活、HIV职业暴露后感染的监测与预防等知识的得分较低;不同民族、学历、工作科室的护理人员,艾滋病防护知识认知情况存在差异;护理人员艾滋病防护相关行为有待规范与加强.结论 应重视护理人员HIV职业暴露与防护相关知识的培训,提高防护意识,执行安全操作,改善医疗环境,并健全护理人员HIV职业暴露与防护管理体系.