目的：探讨在ICU环境中影响意识清醒患者心理的主要压力源。方法对40例入住ICU病房后清醒的患者进行清醒24 h后的状态特质焦虑( STAI)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数( PSQI)的问卷调查,分析ICU患者的主要心理压力源。结果不同性别、职业、婚姻状况、文化程度、转入前所住科室的患者其睡眠质量评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对患者在ICU清醒24 h后使用STAI调查,结果与常模得分进行比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对患者在ICU清醒24 h后的睡眠质量情况与入住ICU前的回顾性调查进行比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=34.578,P<0.01)。对影响患者睡眠质量的原因进行调查,95.0%的患者认为声音污染最影响其睡眠质量。结论声音污染、安全性、治疗舒适度是ICU清醒患者主要心理压力源,直接导致患者出现不同程度的焦虑,是影响睡眠质量的关键因素。%Objective To explore the main source of psychological stress for conscious patients in ICU. Methods A total of 40 awareness patients were investigated with the 24 h status-strait anxiety inventory ( STAI) and pittsburgh sleep quality index ( PSQI) for the sauce of psychological stress. Results Patients with different gender, occupation, marriage status, culture degree and department before transferred to ICU, their sleep quality scores were significantly different (P<0. 05). The result of STAI investigation had statistical significance compared with the norm in 24 h patients awaking (P<0. 05). The sleep quality of patients in ICU after waking for 24 h, compared with before they arrived ICU, there was a statistically significant difference (χ2 =34. 578,P<0. 01). For the influencing factors investigation of sleep quality, 95. 0% patients believed the sound pollution was the top reason impacted on sleep quality. Conclusions Sound pollution, safety and comfort are the main psychological stressors in the ICU area, which directly lead to different degrees of anxiety and are the key factors to affect the quality of sleep.
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