全国部分地区精神专科医院和综合医院护士抑郁症知识和态度的调查

摘要

目的 了解全国部分地区精神科和综合医院护士对抑郁症知识和态度的现状,以便有针对性地对护士进行相关知识培训.方法 采用改编的抑郁症知识和态度调查问卷对全国8省市的5497名护士进行调查,其中精神专科护士2902名,综合医院护士2595名.结果 精神科护士对抑郁症知识和态度问卷得分分别为(13.55±3.58)、(95.34±12.69)分,综合医院护士分别为(10.81±2.97)、(89.02±15.31)分,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(t值分别为30.636、16.824;P<0.01).单因素分析显示,不同科室、年龄、婚姻、职称、学历、工作年限的护士抑郁症知识问卷得分比较差异有统计学意义(t值分别为30.952、23.217、23.266、40.065、23.266、40.065;P<0.05);不同科室、年龄、婚姻、职称、学历、工作年限的护士对抑郁症态度问卷得分比较差异有统计学意义(t值分别为16.656、19.127、17.228、17.894、10.713、17.894;P<0.05).回归分析显示,科室性质、学历、职称和工作年限是知识问卷得分的影响因素;科室性质、学历是态度问卷得分的影响因素.结论 临床护士对抑郁症知识的知晓度较低,对患者存在消极态度,管理者应根据护士所在科室、学历、职称及工作年限等制定培训计划,加强疾病知识及人文知识的培训,以提高护士对抑郁症患者的临床服务能力.%Objective To understand the current situation of knowledge and attitude on depression in nurses in psychiatric and general hospitals of partial regions nationwide so as to provide targeted training on relevant knowledge for nurses.Methods A totals of 5497 nurses (2902 in psychiatric hospitals, 2595 in general hospitals) from 8 provinces were investigated with the adapted questionnaire of knowledge and attitude on depression.Results The scores of knowledge and attitude of nurses in psychiatric hospitals were (13.55±3.58) and (95.34±12.69), which were higher than those [(10.81±2.97), (89.02±15.31)] of nurses in general hospitals with significant differences (t=30.636, 16.824;P<0.01). The single factor analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the score of knowledge on depression of nurses between different departments, ages, marriages, educational background and working years (t=30.952, 23.217, 23.266, 40.065, 23.266, 40.065;P<0.05). Besides, there were statistically significant differences in the score of attitude on depression of nurses between different departments, ages, marriages, positional titles, educational background and working life (t=16.656,19.127,17.228,17.894,10.713,17.894;P<0.05). The regression analysis revealed that the influencial factors on knowledge were the property of department, educational background, positional titles and working years; the influencing factors for attitude were the property of department, educational background.Conclusions Clinical nurses are with low awareness of knowledge on depression along with negative attitudes with patients. Managers should draw up a training plan based on the property of department, educational background, positional titles, working years and so on for the nurses to strengthen the training on knowledge of disease and humanities, thus improving their service ability for patients with depression.