目的 探讨膝关节前交叉韧带(anterior cruciate ligament,ACL)切断对不同年龄兔关节软骨的影响,为临床选择方法和时机处理不同年龄ACL损伤的病人提供实验依据. 方法 健康新西兰大白兔30只,按照年龄分成6、12、24个月组,每组10只.每组再随机分为5个小组.切断右膝关节ACL,左膝仅行切开术作为自身对照.分别于术后5、10、15、20、25周气栓处死实验动物,大体观察并对股骨关节软骨进行损伤评分,对股骨内髁进行Masson染色并显微镜观察,测定软骨含水率. 结果 大体观察和Masson染色病理切片显示,12月龄组兔软骨损伤发展最快,24月龄组兔发展最慢.术后25周时12月龄组兔软骨损伤最重,6月龄组兔次之,24月龄组兔软骨损伤最轻.随着软骨损伤的发展,右侧ACL切断(阳性对照侧)软骨含水率呈现出先升高后降低的趋势. 结论 不同年龄兔ACL断裂后软骨损伤存在差异,提示ACL断裂后软骨的损伤与年龄有紧密的关系.%Objective To study the influence of anterior cruciate ligament ( ACL) transection on the changes of the articular cartilage in rabbits at different ages, so that to provide experimental evidence for clinical treatment of patients with ACL injury at different ages. Methods Totally 30 healthy New Zealand rabbits were divided into 6-, 12-, and 24-month groups with 10 in each. All the rabbits received transection of the right ACL, with the left knee received a sham operation as a control, In each group, the animals were divided into five subgroups (n = 2) to be killed in 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 weeks. The injury to the articular cartilage of the femoral bone was scored, and Masson straining was made on the medial malleolus to determine the water ratio ( WR) of the cartilage. Results Both gross observation and Masson straining showed that cartilage degenerated fastest in 12-month group, and slowest in the 24-month group. In 25 weeks after ACL transection, the cartilage degeneration was slightest in the 24-month rabbits, most serious in 12-month group followed by 6-month group. With the degeneration, the WR of the cartilage was increased and then decreased after ACL transection. Conclusion The significant difference in cartilage changes among rabbits of different ages after ACL transection suggests that the level of cartilage degeneration is realted to age.
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