目的：分析维持性血液透析患者合并肺部感染的危险因素，并提出应对措施。方法：对近年来我院治疗的维持性血液透析患者80例作为研究对象，通过对患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析，按感染与否将患者分为感染组与非感染组，对比两组相关指标以观察合并肺部感染的危险因素，并提出应对措施。结果：患者痰培养阳性率为61.5%，其中革兰氏阴性菌占58.3%，革兰氏阳性25.0%，真菌16.7%；感染率最高为糖尿病肾病患者和高血压肾病患者；两组患者年龄、血清蛋白含量、血红蛋白含量、C-反应蛋白含量和患者血透充分性均有显著差异(均P<0.05)。结论：本研究通过对维持性血液透析患者合并肺部感染的危险因素进行分析，证实通过对患者贫血及营养不良进行改善，并对原发疾病进行有效控制，治疗中保持血透环境控制并进行充分的透析，对于防止并减少维持性血液透析患者发生肺部感染具有重要意义。%Objective:To analyze the risk factors for maintenance hemodialysis patients complicated with pulmonary infection and propose countermeasures. Methods:80 cases in the hospital for treatment with maintenance hemodialysis in our hospital in recent years were chosen as the research object. The clinical data of patients was taken for retrospectively analysis. According to whether or not infection, they were divided into the infection group and the non-infection group. The risk factors for pulmonary infection of related index for the two groups were compared and put forward the countermeasures. Results:The positive rate of sputum culture was 61.5%, the gram negative bacilli accounted for 58.3%, gram positive was 25%, and fungi was 16.7%. The highest infection rate in patients was diabetic nephropathy and Hypertension Nephropathy;two groups of patients with age, the content of serum protein, hemoglobin, C-reactive protein content and the adequacy of hemodialysis patients showed significant difference (all P<0.05). Conclusion:This study by the analysis of the dialysis patients with pulmonary infection risk factors of maintenance hemodialysis, confirmed by improving on the patients with anemia and malnutrition, and effective control of the primary disease, treatment of maintain hemodialysis environment control and adequate dialysis has important significance to prevent and reduce the occurrence for maintenance hemodialysis patients complicated with pulmonary infection.
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