中国历代医家传记述评

摘要

After reviewing the biographies of doctors recorded in official history of China and books mentioned the biographies,it was seen that biographies of doctors in Chinese history are mainly composed of a resume of their life and medical achievements.Although a variety of other aspects,such as social,family and education background,personality,hobby,speciality,travel experience,medical ethics,comments and achievements outside medicine,which could make those figures more vivid,none of these has been described in detail.Biographies about doctors of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) should be both scientific and popular,and of literary merit on the basis of validity.Biographers should know both doctors' medical achievements and the background of the era,combine the internal history and external history and find the relationship between them to make reasonable explanations.%回顾正史中的医家传记以及历史上有关医家传记的专著或专篇,可知医家传记主体部分是传主生平和医学成就,其他部分则内容广泛,涉及社会、家庭背景、蒙童求学、个性、喜恶、特长、游历、医德、简评、医学外成就等,虽着墨较少,但可使传主形象更为丰满、鲜活.中医医家传记的写法,应在真实性前提下,科学性与普及性有机结合,力求写得更有文采.传记作者应内史与外史相结合,深入理解和掌握传主的医学工作,同时了解传主所处的时代、社会环境等,找到内史与外史某些要素的联系,传主工作与生活的联系,并且统一起来进行合理的解释.