Objective To analyze the molecular genetic basis for a new B112 allele of ABO blood group and the pedigree of the proband. Methods The ABO group antigens on red cells of the proband were identified by monoclonal antibodies. The ABO antibody in serum was detected by using standard A, B and O cells. The exons 5-7 of ABO gene for the proband was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and the amplified products were digested with double enzymes and sequenced for exons 6 and 7. A magnetic beadbased, haplotype specific extraction was used to separate the diploid sample of the proband into its haploid components. The exons 6 and 7 of the two single ABO haplotypes were then amplified and sequenced separately. The samples of the parents of the proband were collected, and the blood group serological test and sequence analysis for exons 6 and 7 of AβO gene were performed. Results The serum characteristic of the proband was consisted with the normal B phenotype. The DNA sequencing of exons 6 and 7 showed 261G/del, 297A/G, 526C/G, 559C/T, 657C/T, 703G/A, 796C/A, 803G/C and 930G/A heterozygotes and was assigned for B/O genotype. After separation of the two single strands of the proband with haplotype specific extraction, a B112 and an O01 allele were identified after sequencing. The B112 allele had one nucleotide change (C to T) at position 559 compared with B101 ,which resulted in an amino acid change at position 187 (Arg to Cys). The B112 in the proband was identified to inherit from his mother after pedigree analysis, the ABO blood group serological characteristics and sequences of exons 6 and 7 of the mother were identical to that of the proband. Conclusion A novel B112 allele of ABO group system with 559C＞ T was identified. It had normal B antigen expression, suggesting that Arg118Cys of α-1, 3galactosyltransferase did not affect its enzyme activity.%目的 研究1例新的ABO亚型B112的分子机制,并对其家系进行分析.方法 应用单克隆抗体检测先证者红细胞ABO血型抗原,标准A、B、O红细胞检测先证者血清中的ABO抗体.采用聚合酶链反应(po1ymerase chain reaction,PCR)技术扩增先证者ABO基因的第5至7外显子序列,PCR产物经双酶切后直接测序分析第6和7外显子.同时采用基因组单链抽提技术分离先证者的两条单倍型,对分离的单倍型扩增后进行ABO基因测序分析.家系调查采集先证者父母的标本进行ABO血清学实验和ABO基因第6和7外显子测序分析.结果 先证者血清学表型符合B表型特性,直接测序分析显示第6和7外显子有261G/缺失、297A/G、526C/G、559C/T、657C/T、703G/A、796C/A、803G/C、930G/A杂合,推断基因型为BO.基因组单链抽提技术将先证者B和O基因分离后,测序得到两个等位基因为O01和B112.与B101相比,B112第559位C→T导致第187位精氨酸变成半胱氨酸.家系调查显示先证者B112基因从母亲遗传所得,母亲标本ABO血型血清学特性和测序分析结果与先证者完全一致.结论 发现1例559C＞T突变的ABO亚型新等位基因B112,其B抗原表达正常,提示α-1,3-半乳糖基转移酶第187位精氨酸变成半胱氨酸并不影响B转移酶的活性.
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