应用优化荧光原位杂交技术诊断110例羊水间期细胞常见非整倍体

摘要

Objective To optimize the prenatal diagnosis platform by using domestically made fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) kit and to explore the clinical application of FISH to rapid prenatal diagnosis of a wide range of chromosomal abnormalities. Methods Amniotic fluid samples from 110 pregnant women were studied with the rapid prenatal diagnosis method of FISH and the conventional cell culture method of karyotyping, the results from both methods were compared. Results Four cases of trisomy 21 ,1 case of trisomy 18,58 cases of 46, XX, and 47 cases of 46, XY were detected by FISH in the 110 amniotic fluid samples. It is concordant with the results from conventional karyotype analysis. The concordance rate is 100%. Conclusion Domestically made FISH kit can be used to rapidly and accurately detect the most common chromosome aneuploidies by using less sample volume while the price is relatively low. FISH can be a reliable and rapid prenatal diagnostic tool as an adjunct to classical cytogenetic study. It can be used for rapid and accurate prenatal diagnosis of women with high risk of maternal serum screening.%目的 优化现有荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)技术,探讨FISH快速产前诊断多种染色体异常的临床应用.方法 改良FISH操作过程中的滴片和杂交液用量,对110例孕妇羊水样本同时进行FISH快速产前诊断和常规细胞培养核型分析.结果 110例羊水样本中,FISH检测出了4例21三体、1例18三体、58例46,XX、47例46,XY,与染色体核型分析的结果一致,符合率100%.结论 国产FISH试剂能快速、准确检测常见的5种染色体数日异常,使用样本量少、价廉.FISH技术可作为经典染色体核型分析的辅助方法,能应用于唐氏血清学高风险孕妇的快速产前诊断.