高速碰撞诱发闪光辐射温度的测量及误差分析

摘要

为实现对高速碰撞诱发的闪光辐射温度进行实验测量及误差分析,建立了二级轻气炮加载系统及闪光辐射温度测量系统.采用聚碳酸酯弹丸分别以6 km/s、3.9 km/s的速度垂直撞击2A12铝靶,利用瞬态光纤高温计采集闪光信号,通过比色法计算不同碰撞条件下的闪光辐射强度及辐射温度.依据普朗克辐射定律计算了不同波长及温度条件下的闪光辐射强度理论值,与实验测量结果相比较并进行了误差分析;分别采用双色测温法的不同波长组合及四色测温法计算了闪光辐射温度及其平均温度,通过计算标准差分析了波长的选取对闪光辐射温度的影响.结果表明:与理论计算结果相比较,实验测量得到的闪光辐射强度值偏低,采用双色测温法计算闪光辐射温度时波长的选取对计算结果影响很大,波长间隔越大计算结果误差越小(误差最小值实验No.1为68.25 K,实验No.2为30.67 K);四色测温法计算得到的闪光辐射温度与平均温度相近(误差实验No.1为72.88 K,实验No.2为63.66 K),因此采用比色法计算闪光辐射温度时应尽量选取大间隔波长或多个波长参与计算以降低误差.%In order to realize the experimental measurement and error analysis of flash radiant tem-perature induced by high-velocity impact, loading system of two-stage light gas gun and measurement system of flash radiant temperature were set up. Polycarbonate projectiles were accelerated to 6 km/s, 3. 9 km/s to impact 2A12 aluminum plate vertically, and instantaneous optical pyrometer was uti-lized to acquire flash signals, at the same time flash radiant intensities and temperatures were calcu-lated by the ratio method under the different impact conditions. Theoretical values of flash radiant intensities were calculated with different wavelengths and temperatures based on Plank radiant law, thus the error analysis could be obtained by comparing the theoretical values with the experimental ones;the flash radiant temperatures and its average temperature were calculated by selecting corre-sponding flash radiant intensities of different wavelengths according to the methods of two-color and four-color temperature measurement, and the influence of wavelength's selection to flash radiant temperature was analyzed by calculating the standard deviation. The results show that the flash ra-diant intensities of experimental measurement are lower than the ones of theoretical value, and the selection of wavelength has a great influence on the calculating results of flash radiant temperature from the method of two-color temperature measurement, meanwhile, the bigger interval of wavelength is, the smaller the calculating error becomes (the minimum error is 68. 25 K in experiment No. 1 and 30. 67 K in experiment No. 2);the flash radiant temperature calculated by the method of four-color temperature measurement is close to the average temperature (the error is 72. 88 K in experiment No. 1 and 63. 66 K in experiment No. 2), therefore, the bigger interval of wavelength and multiple wavelengths should be adopted in order to reduce error during calculating flash radiant temperature.