高职医学生艾滋病知识、态度和高危性行为的调查分析

摘要

Objectives:To investigate the AIDS-related knowledge,attitude and high risk sexual behavior of medical students in higher vocational college so as to provide evidence for conducting AIDS health education.Methods:By stratified cluster sampling,527 higher vocational medical students were surveyed by questionnaire.Results:Among these students,the overall awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge was 75.10％.The awareness rate of basic knowledge,transmission route and non-transmission route about AIDS were 75.22％,88.73％ and 61.38％ respectively.The mean score of attitude towards AIDS was 3.67 ± 0.44.Fear and escape dimension was the lowest (3.18 ±0.62).31 students (5.88％) reported having sexual behavior.Among them,25.8％ had more than one sexual partner,and 19.5％,35.5％ and 22.6％ had the experience of homosexuality,oral sex and anal intercourse respectively.45.1％ of them used condoms in every sex activity.The top 2 ways to get AIDS-related information were from teachers (68.1％) and network (65.4％).Conclusion:AIDS-related knowledge of medical students in higher vocational colleges needs to be improved,especially knowledge of non-transmission route and basic knowledge.The majority students fear AIDS and have high risk sexual behaviors of AIDS infection.Therefore,education on AIDS knowledge,attitude and safe sexual behavior need to be conducted by school and mass media.%目的:了解高职医学生艾滋病知识、态度和高危性行为现状,为在高职医学生中开展艾滋病健康教育提供依据.方法:分层整群选取527名高职医学生进行问卷调查.结果:527名高职医学生艾滋病知识的总体知晓率为75.10％,基础知识、传播途径知识和非传播途径知识的知晓率分别为75.22％、88.73％和61.38％.高职医学生对待艾滋痛的态度均分为(3.67 ±0.44)分,恐惧和逃避维度均分最低为(3.18±0.62)分.31名(5.88％)高职医学生报告有过性行为,其中有1个以上性伴侣占25.8％,有过同性恋、口交、肛交经验的分别占19.5％、35.5％、22.6％,每次性行为时均使用安全套的占45.1％.高职医学生获得艾滋病相关信息的前2位途径是老师讲课(68.1％)、网络(65.4％).结论:高职医学生的艾滋病知识有待提高,尤其是非传播途径知识和基础知识;高职医学生对艾滋病持有恐惧和逃避心理,态度有待改善;高职医学生中存在传染艾滋病的高危性行为;需要联合学校和大众媒体对其进一步开展艾滋病知识、态度和安全性行为的宣传教育.