医学研究生人格特质与心理健康状况典型相关分析

摘要

目的 了解医学研究生人格特质与心理健康状况的现状及两者之间的关系,为提高医学研究生心理健康水平提供科学依据.方法 于2016年4月,采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取南通大学300名医学研究生,采用艾森克人格问卷(EPQ-85)和症状自评量表(SCL-90),运用典型相关分析对人格特质和心理健康状况进行相关性分析.结果 与全国常模相比,医学研究生的人格特质内外向性平均得分较高,而掩饰性得分较低(P<0.05);SCL-90因子得分结果显示强迫、恐怖和精神病性的因子平均得分高于常模,而人际敏感和焦虑等得分低于常模(P<0.05).典型相关分析显示:无论性别,研究生的人格问题主要由内外向性和神经质来反映,其次为精神质.心理健康问题,男性主要由躯体化和焦虑症状反映;女性主要由强迫症状、人际关系敏感及精神病性反映.结论 神经质和精神质人格与心理健康状况密切关联;应重点加强神经质和精神质人格的医学研究生的心理健康教育.%Objective Correlations between personality characteristics and mental health status among medical postgraduate students were investigated to provide a scientific basis for improve the level of mental health of medical graduate students.Methods 300 medical postgraduates from Nantong University were recruited using stratified cluster random sampling method and assessed by Eysenck personality questionnaire(EPQ-85)and Symptom Check-List90(SCL-90)in April 2016.The correlational relationship between personality characteristics and mental health status using the canonical correlation analysis.Results There were significant differences in EPQ-E and L subscales between national norm score and that among medical postgraduate students in both genders(P<0.05).The average scores of coercion,terror and psychosis factor were higher than the scores of national norm according to SCL-90,but the opposite results were found in interpersonal sensitivity and anxiety subscales(P<0.05).Canonical correlation analysis results showed that personality characteristics were mainly reflected by inside and outside tropism and neuroticism,and secondly reflected by psychoticism in both genders.Male mental health problems were mainly reflected by somatization and anxiety symptoms,while female mental health problems were mainly reflected by forced symptoms,interpersonal sensitivity and psychotic reactions.Conclusion Neuroticism and psychoticism of personality characteristics were closely correlated with mental health.To strengthen psychological health education,focused on the medical postgraduate students of neuroticism and psychoticism personality.