目的:分析2010年国办58号文出台后我国社会资本办医的发展状况,评估相应政府规制政策的成效.方法:(1)利用全国及各省市卫生统计年鉴数据,对比分析2006—2010年与2011—2015年期间社会办医机构数、床位数、卫生技术人员数、诊疗人次数、入院人次数、病床使用率、平均住院日等7项主要指标的变化趋势.(2)选取6个省份进行现场调研;通过利益相关者座谈会了解基本情况;选取典型民营医院进行调研,并通过焦点小组访谈,了解医院的发展情况及成功关键因素.结果:(1)2010年国办58号文出台以来,我国社会资本办医疗机构数量快速增加,但其总体规模仍然较小,服务能力有待提高.(2)2010—2015年各省份社会资本办医发展情况差异明显.结论:近年来的政府规制对我国社会资本办医的发展起到了一定的促进作用,然而仍存在诸多隐形障碍.政府部门应逐步形成部门联动的政策配套支持体系,同时积极探索并谨慎推进公私合作(PPP)模式.%Objective:The main objective of this study is to analyze the development trend of China's private healthcare providers since the issue of Document No. 58 by the General Office of the State Council in the year 2010. It intends to evaluate the effectiveness of the policy on encouragement and guidance to private healthcare. Methods:(1) Using the statistical data collected from national and provincial healthcare yearbook, we made a comparative a-nalysis on seven indicators regarding the development of private healthcare providers, including the number of health-care providers, the number of beds, the number of healthcare professionals, annual outpatient diagnose-and-treat per-son-times, annual inpatient hospitalization person-times, bed utilization rate and average length of stay for two periods of time (i. e. 2006—2010 and 2011—2015). (2) A field study was conducted to six selected provinces. In these provinces, essential information of the related policy was collected, held stakeholder interviews and focus group dis-cussions among hospital management team and medical workers and visits to several typical private providers were made to understand the policy effectiveness and existing problems. The study also tried to find the key factors for a successful private healthcare provider in China. Results:(1) The results show that since the issue of Document No. 58 in the year 2010 , the number of China's private healthcare providers has greatly increased while the scale and service capabilities of private providers still need to be improved. (2) As per the results again, a great difference ex-ists between provinces in terms of private healthcare provider development during 2010 to 2015 . Conclusion:A posi-tive impact of government regulation on the development of private healthcare providers was noticed. However, China's private healthcare providers are still facing many invisible obstacles and challenges. The government needs to put more focus on building a cross-department coordination and supporting regulation system to advance the sustain-able development of private healthcare providers. Moreover, the government needs to cautiously promote the Public-Private-Partnership ( PPP) to improve the effective allocation of resources in the healthcare market and provide essen-tial support to private healthcare providers in solving the problems they meet during their development process.
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