摘要:在界定医疗机构分工协作内涵基础上,本文描述了英国、德国、新加坡和美国四个国家开展医疗机构分工协作的现状,认为其有利条件包括合格的全科医生、严格的卫生资源配置、有效的社区首诊和双向转诊制度。分析医疗联合体、管理型保健以及全科医生签约政策调整对分工协作的影响,总结出国外开展医疗机构分工协作的经验和启示:门诊与住院服务是否需要分离,基层医疗机构的私有化模式,护理、康复类机构与医疗机构的分工协作,医院集团化与分工协作的关系,以及分工协作并不能解决医疗服务提供体系的所有问题。%Through defining the connotation of division and cooperation among medical institutions, this paper introduces the current status for division and cooperation among medical institutions of Britain, Germany, Singapore and USA. The advantages include excellent general practices, optimal health resource allocation, effective first treat-ment in community health facilities, and effective two-way referral. We analyzed the influence of some new policies on the division and cooperation among medical institutions such as medical association, managed care and the General Practices’ service contract. This provided a lot of experience and revelations, including the dynamics to promote the division and cooperation, the separation of outpatient services and inpatient services, privatization of primary medical institutions, division and cooperation between medical institutions and nursing, rehabilitation institutions, distinguis-hing the division and cooperation from hospitals alliance, and division and cooperation among medical institutions can not resolve the all issues in the medical care supply system.