陕西省宝鸡市居民基本健康素养技能调查

摘要

目的 分析陕西省宝鸡市居民基本健康素养技能的现状,为居民健康素养监测和技能干预提供依据.方法 将宝鸡市15岁以上常住居民作为调查对象,通过多阶段分层整群抽样对1131人进行问卷调查.结果 宝鸡市居民基本健康素养技能的具备率为测体温87.62％、查脉搏58.97％、测血压46.24％、人工呼吸25.82％、心肺复苏15.30％.5项技能中,男性普遍高于女性,其中查脉搏、测血压、人工呼吸3项男女之间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01)；文化程度越高,技能水平越高(P＜0.01)；医务人员、教师、学生、干部、工人5种技能水平均高于其他职业人群；技能难度越大,技能具备率越低,60岁以上人群相对于20～40岁人群技能水平普遍偏低.结论 测血压、人工呼吸、心肺复苏是宝鸡市居民健康素养技能培训的重点,学生、老年人及农村居民是技能培训的主要目标人群,充分利用《国家基本公共卫生服务项目》全面实施的契机,通过健康教育,提高居民健康素养技能水平.%Objective To analyze the status of basic health literacy skills of the basic skills of literacy in Baoji City, Shaanxi Province, and to provide evidence for the local health literacy surveillance and skills intervention. Methods1131 residents over 15 years old from Baoji City were selected by multistage stratified cluster sampling and were investigated by questionnaires. Results The residents who had held the basic health literacy skills of temperature measurement, pulse measurement, blood pressure measurement, artificial respiration and cardiopulmonary resuscitation were 87.62%, 58. 97% , 46. 24% , 25. 82% and 15. 30% respectively. The five skills of male residents were higher than those of female residents. The differences in the rates of temperature measurement, pulse measurement and artificial respiration and cardiopulmonary had statistical significance between the males and the females (P < 0.01 ). The residents who had higher educational level had higher literacy skills than others (P < 0. 01). The residents who had the occupations of medical staff, teachers, students, cadres and workers had higher literacy skills than other occupational groups. The greater difficulty of skills, the lower level of skills holding. The residents over 60 years old had lower level of literacy skills than the residents aged from 20 to 40 years old. Conclusion Training contents for health literacy skills should be focused on blood pressure measurement, artificial respiration and cardiopulmonary resuscitation in Baoji City. The focused residents should be students, the elder and rural residents. The National Basic Public Health Services Program is good chance to enhance health education services and to improve resident' s level of health literacy skills in Baoji City.