目的 探讨深圳市健康社区示范点居民健康知识与行为水平及干预效果,为评价健康社区创建提供依据.方法 在健康社区示范项目的罗湖区、福田区、宝安区共3个社区随机抽取18岁以上居民,完成两次健康知识与行为入户调查.结果 干预后居民总体健康知识知晓率(83.1％)高于干预前(73.3％).居民健康行为形成率为74.9％,高于干预前的66.0％；吸烟、食用变质食品、吃饭看电视三种不良健康行为得到一定程度的改善.干预后,居民最想获取的健康资料是心理保健知识(41.3％)、传染病防治知识(34.4％)和慢性病防治知识(30.9％).干预前,居民获取健康信息的主要渠道为电视(56.4％)、报纸(38.8％)和网络(36.6％),干预后为电视(53.9％)、网络(47.4％)和健康教育宣传资料(27.7％).居民认为最需要改善的问题主要有治安问题(48.2％)、社区卫生服务问题(25.0％)与“四害”问题(23.7％).结论 应采取针对性干预措施,继续推进健康社区创建,提高居民的健康素养水平.%Objective To explore the status of health knowledge and behavior in residents and its intervention ef-fectiveness of health community in Shenzhen, and to provide basis for evaluating health community. Methods Three com-munities were chosen for comprehensive center from Shenzhen health community, and residents over 18 years old were se-lected for subsequent two investigations. Results After intervention the total awareness of rate of health knowledge in resi-dents was higher than before (83. 1% vs 73. 3% ). Total formation rate of basic health behaviors was also higher than be-fore (74. 9% vs 66. 0% ) ; the unhealthy behaviors such as smoking, eating bad food and eating with watching TV grew better than before. The residents made demands of health knowledge about psychology (41.3%), infectious disease (34.4%) and chronic disease (30.9%). Before intervention the residents acquired health information from TV (56.4%), newspapers (38.8%) and Internet (36.6%), but from TV (53.9%), Internet (47.4%) and health education materials (27. 7% ) after intervention. The residents pay more attentions to safety (48. 2% ) , health service in community (25.0%) and " four pests" (23.7%). Conclusion Counterpart intervention measures should be taken and to carry on setting up health community to improve the health literacy in residents.
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