北京市某社区居民乙肝防控知识知晓率及其影响因素调查

摘要

目的 了解北京市某社区居民乙肝防控知识知晓率及其影响因素.方法 采用两阶段整群随机抽样方法选择15～70岁在北京连续居住超过半年以上的1554例社区居民作为调查对象,采用面对面问卷调查方法收集资料并判定知晓情况.结果 乙肝4条主要传播途径中经血液传播的知晓率最高(71.75％),其次为经污染医疗器械传播、母婴传播和性途径传播,4条全部知晓率为28.70％.乙肝可通过疫苗接种预防的知晓率为53.47％,乙肝的总体知晓率为27.22％.单因素分析结果显示,不同年龄、民族、职业、文化程度及月收入之间乙肝知识的知晓率差异具有统计学意义(P ＜0.05或＜0.01)；多因素分析提示乙肝知识宣教重点人群包括:30～45岁年龄段以外人群、文盲或只有小学学历的人群、少数民族人群、外地城镇或农村人群.结论 针对本社区全区居民乙肝知识知晓率的宣教应有所加强,对其中重点人群的宣教应有所侧重.%Objective To explore the awareness rate of HBV and its impact factors in a community of Beijing.Methods 1554 residents aged from 15 to 70 were selected by two-stage cluster random sampling method and investigated by face to face interview survey with questionnaire.Results Awareness rate of blood-borne transmission ranked first among the four transmissions of HBV (71.75％),followed by contaminated medical instruments,mother-to-child and sexual transmission.The total awareness rate of the four was 28.70％.Awareness rate of that HBV could be prevented through vaccination was 53.47％.The overall awareness rate of knowledge on HBV was 27.22％.The results of univariate analysis showed that differences of awareness rate on age,ethnicity,occupation,education level and monthly income were statistically significant separately (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).Multivariate analysis showed that health education on HBV should focus on population aged under 30 and over 45,illiterate or only having primary education level,from rural,as well as ethnic minority.Conclusion Awareness rate of knowledge about the prevention of HBV in the community need to be improved,especially for the focus groups.