预防 H7N9禽流感相关微博的传播者及传播内容研究

摘要

Objective To understand the communicators and information of microblogs related to H7N9 avian in-fluenza,and explore how to strengthen as well as regulate information control related to emergency public health events on microblog platform.Methods All microblogs related H7N9 avian influenza were collected from March 31 to June 30, 2013.Then 343 qualified microblogs were selected by stratified random sampling method.The communicators and information of the selected microblogs were analyzed.Results The amounts of the microblog per day were increased remarkably,the a-mount of H7N9 microblog achieved peak after 5 days and 11 days.Among 343 microblogs,75 (21.9%) communicators were identified by authority,19 (5.5%)were identified by individual and 249 (72.6%)were not identified.The main sources of information were from departments at all levels of disease control (74,21.6%),experts (73,21.3%),all kinds of media (48,13.9%)and the health administrative departments at all levels (46,13.4%).The contents of the selected microblog included regular preventive methods (155,45.2%),disinfection methods (117,34.1%),preven-tive means in traditional Chinese medical science (95,27.7%).Conclusion The official institutions and news media had a great influence on the information transmission related to emergency public health events on the microblog platform,earlier correct information should be released to help audience deal with the events.The information in microblog were complicated and the internet management platform should strengthen system monitor to avoid false information spread widely.%目的：分析 H7N9禽流感相关微博的传播者和传播内容，探讨如何加强和规范微博平台上突发公共卫生事件的信息传播。方法采集在2013年3月31日—6月30日新浪微博中所有与 H7N9禽流感相关的微博，并采用分层随机抽样的方法，从中选取343条微博，提取博主信息及微博内容进行分析。结果在 H7N9禽流感发生后第5天和第11天，微博数量分别达到极大值。在抽取的343条微博中，75位博主（21.9％）为机构认证，19位博主（5.5％）为个人认证，无认证的有249位（72.6％）。微博信息的来源主要为各级疾控部门（74条，21.6％）、专家（73条，21.3％）、各种媒体（48条，13.9％）、各级卫生行政部门（46条，13.4％）。微博内容中，155条（45.2％）微博介绍常规预防方法，117条（34.1％）微博介绍消毒方法，95条（27.7％）微博介绍中医预防方法。结论官方机构、新闻媒体的信息发布对微博平台突发公共事件信息传播有重要影响，应尽早发布正确信息，帮助受众应对突发事件。微博内容多而繁杂，网络平台管理部门需要加强对虚假信息的管理，以免造成恐慌或错误信息广泛流传。