目的 了解广东省农村地区中小学生家长关于学生溺水的认知和监护行为水平,为开展农村儿童溺水干预提供科学依据.方法 整群随机抽取清远市清新区浸谭镇和龙颈镇18所小学、4所中学的小学三年级至初中二年级学生家长进行溺水认知和对学生溺水监护行为的问卷调查.结果 共调查中小学生家长6094人.58.7％的家长知道溺水是儿童青少年伤害死亡最重要原因,63.8％的家长认为孩子学会游泳就完全可以预防溺水发生;不识字/少识字父母的“学生溺水认知得分”(59.0±21.2)最低,其次为是小学(65.2±19.4)和大学及以上(64.3±21.7)的家长;监护行为“对学生进行预防溺水教育”、“孩子游泳或水上活动是否有成年人现场看护”方面,母亲(79.3％和60.3％)、父亲(75.6％和56.8％)和其他家长(70.2％和52.5％)间差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中母亲监护行为正确率最高.结论 该地区家长对儿童溺水防范意识不强,存在较严重的溺水监护不当行为.今后须每年加强知识薄弱点的宣传,充分发挥父母亲(特别是母亲)作用.%Objective To understand perception and behaviors of student drowning among primary and secondary school students' guardians in rural areas in Guangdong Province,and to provide evidence for prevention and intervention.Methods A questionnaire survey were conducted among guardians of Grade 3-8 students.A random cluster sampling method was used in 18 primary schools and 4 secondary schools in Jintan town and Longjing town in Qingxin District of Qingyuan City,Guangdong Province.Results A total of 6094 valid guardians questionnaires were analyzed.58.7％ of guardians considered that drowning was an injury with the highest mortality among children and adolescence,63.8％ of them considered that learning how to swim cannot prevent drowning absolutely.The score of drowning perception rates of illiterate guardians (59.0 ±21.2) was lowest,followed by guardians with primary school background (65.2 ± 19.4) and college degree or above (64.3 ±21.7).In two guardianship behaviors aspects:provide drowning prevention education for the children,left their children swimnfing or water activities unattended,the differences were statistically significant among the mothers (79.3％ and 60.3％),fathers (75.6％ and 56.8％) and other guardian (70.2％ and 52.5％),correct guardianship behaviors rates in mothers was the highest (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Guardians' awareness of student drowning prevention was inadequate.The incidence of risk behavior of guardians is severe.Heath education on drowning especially weak points should be strengthened for guardians of primary and secondary school students.
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