健康体检颈动脉斑块及相关危险因素分析

摘要

Objective To investigate the relationship between carotid artery plaque and blood biochemical index in clinic health physical examination. Methods A total of 1200 cases of outpatient health physical examination personnel were observed. They all underwent carotid artery ultrasonography. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceridc (TG) ,low density lipopralein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and uric acid (UA)were measured. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to probe the relationship between carotid plaque and blood risk factors. Results Of the 1200 study subjects,538 had carotid artery plaque; 48.4% of them were men and 35.9% of them were women. The sample cases of each gender were separately divided into two groups,plaque positive and negative In male,Age,BMI,LDL-C,UA,SBP,Glu,LDL-C/HDL-C were statistically significant between the two groups; In the female,Age,LDL-C,SBP,Glu,LDL-C/HDL-C were also statistically significant. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the independent risk factors for carotid artery plaque were age,low density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B. Conclusions Asymptomatic patients.especially those over the age of 50,require periodic rletP-ctinn of lipids and carotid artery ultrasound.%目的 了解门诊健康体检人员颈动脉斑块检出率及其与血液生化指标相关性.方法 选择门诊健康体检人员共1200例,其中男860例,女340例,均进行颈动脉超声检查以检测有无颈动脉斑块分为有斑块组和无斑块组；检测血清总胆回醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、脂蛋白A、B(apoA、apoB)、血尿酸等,分析颈动脉斑块检出率及其与异常指标的相关性.结果 共检出有颈动脉斑块者538例,其中男性检出率为48.4％、女性检出牢为35.9％.不同性别有斑块组与无斑块组比较,男性年龄、体重指数(BMI) 、LDL-C、血尿酸、收缩压(SBP)、空腹血糖、LDL-C/HDL-C比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；女性年龄、LDL-C、收缩压、空腹血糖、LDL-C/HDL-C比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).多因素回归分析显示,年龄、LDL-C、脂蛋白B为颈动脉斑块的独立危险因素.结论 血脂检测和颈动脉超声筛查有助于检出无症状的亚临床动脉粥样硬化患者,尤其年龄＞50岁人群,均需要定期检测血脂及颈动脉超声检查.