Objective To investigate the expression of miRNA-21 of cervical epithelial neoplasia (CIN)Ⅰ~Ⅲ and cervical carci-noma in Uygur women, and analyze the relationship of miRNA-21 and human uterine cervical carcinoma papilloma virus (HPV) infection. Methods The expressions of miRNA2-1 mRNA and protein were detected by fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR and in situ hybridization . Results The expressions of miRNA-21 in tissues of cervical squamous cell carcinoma , CINⅢ, relative expression of CIN ⅠandⅡlesions were 8.19±1.96;5.19±1.75;3.78±0.81.In HPV16 positive and negative lesions , the expression of miRNA-21 had significant difference (4.62±0.74 vs.3.57±0.70,P=0.014).Conclusions miRNA-21 plays an important role in cervical precancerous lesions and Uygur women cervical squamous cell carcinoma development , and with the high-risk HPV16 infection related, therefore, miRNA-21 might be used as one of the early molecular marker screening and early diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix .%目的：探讨维吾尔族妇女宫颈上皮内瘤变（ CIN）Ⅰ～Ⅲ级和子宫颈癌组织中 miRNA-21的表达情况，并分析子宫颈癌中 miRNA-21与人乳头瘤病毒（ HPV）感染的关系。方法应用荧光定量RT-PCR技术和原位杂交技术检测维吾尔族妇女子宫颈鳞状细胞癌、CINⅠ～Ⅲ级病变组织中 miRNA-21的表达情况，并对子宫颈鳞状细胞癌中 miRNA-21与HPV感染情况进行相关性分析。结果 miRNA-21在宫颈鳞状细胞癌组织、CINⅢ级、Ⅰ和Ⅱ级病变组织中的相对表达量分别是8.19±1.965，.19±1.75，3.78±0.81。在HPV 16阳性和阴性病变中 miRNA-21表达存在明显的统计学差异（4.62±0.74 vs 3.57±0.70，P＝0.014）。结论 miRNA-21在子宫颈癌前病变以及维吾尔族妇女子宫颈鳞状细胞癌的发生、发展中起重要作用，并且与高危型HPV16感染相关联，因此，miRNA-21可被作为子宫颈鳞状细胞癌的早期筛查及早期诊断的分子指标之一。
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