西安市养老机构老年人牙齿缺失状况及GOHAI分析

摘要

Objective:To investigate the anodontia and prosthodontics condition of elderly people in xi'an,and explore the oral health-related quality of life.Methods:The elderly aged more than 65 years in endowment institutions ofxi'an was selected to do oral examination according to the Third National Oral Health Investigation Criteria and Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index was applied to evaluate the oral health-related quality of life.SPSS 18.0 software package was used for statistical analysis.Results:12.50％ of the subjects in the survey with complete dentition,20.29％ of the subjects in the survey were edentulous,the mean tooth loss was 11.42.Mean GOHAI score of the sample was 49.46,the score about physiological function is 15.20,pain and discomfort is 12.69,and psychological and social function is 21.58.When to analyse negative effects of each item,the item "biting or chewing difficulties" is the most common problem,about 46.20％ of the elderly experienced the trouble.The GOHAI score of complete dentition,dentition defect and edentulism is reduced in turn.Conclusion:The elderly in endowment institutions has a high tooth loss rate and the rate of prosthetic restorations is low,oral health-related quality of life and oral health are relatively poor,whether the dentitions is complete is an important factor that affect oral health-related quality of life.%目的:了解西安市养老机构老年人牙齿缺失及修复状况,进行口腔健康相关生命质量分析.方法:根据第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方法,对陕西省西安市16家养老机构中老年人牙齿缺失及义齿修复状况进行调查;采用老年口腔健康评价指数(Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index,GOHAI)评价其口腔健康相关生命质量.数据采用SPSS18.0软件进行统计分析.结果:牙列完整者12.50％,牙列缺失者20.29％;失牙均数11.42.210名接受GOHAI量表调查者平均得分49.46,其中生理功能方面15.20,疼痛不适方面12.69,心理社会功能方面21.58;在各条目负面影响的分析中,“咬或咀嚼食物时有困难”最常给老年人带来困扰,达46.20％.牙列完整、牙列缺损、牙列缺失老年人GOHAI得分依次降低.结论:西安市养老机构失牙老年人占较大比例,义齿修复率偏低,口腔健康状况及相关生命质量较差,牙列是否完整是口腔健康相关生命质量的重要影响因素.