疑似新生儿溶血病961例筛查结果与分析

摘要

Objective:To explore the situation of hemolytic disease of newborn (HDN) checked out,and to analysis serological test results of HDN.Methods:Blood samples were collected from 961 newborns that had been suspected to HDN.The ABO and Rh blood type were authenticated,and three hemolysis tests were carried out.Results:249 cases of ABO-HDN and 12 cases of Rh-HDN were founded in the 961 samples.Detection positive rate of type A blood was significantly higher than that of type B blood in the 249 ABO-HDN cases (P＜0.05).On the contrary,there was no statistical blood-type difference in the 12 Rh-HDN (P＜0.05).Moreover,the positive rate of female newborns with ABO-HDN was significantly higher than that of male newborns,but no sexual difference in Rh-HDN cases.Furthermore,along with the time of birth increasing,the rate of detecting of newborns with ABO-HDN gradually decreased,and the positive rate of release plus free test also had downward tendency,but the positive rate of individual release had ascending trend.Conclusion:ABO-HDN was the highest in HDN,the positive rate of newborns less than 3 days old is the highest.Although the HDN positive rate decreases along with the birth time of newborn increasing,the hemolysis screening test still is important for clinical diagnosis and for further therapy of possible HDN.%目的:探讨新生儿溶血病(HDN)的检出情况及血清学检测分布.方法:对961例疑似HDN新生儿血液样本,进行ABO、Rh血型鉴定及溶血三项血清学检测.结果:疑似标本中共检出ABO-HDN 249例、Rh-HDN 12例.其中A型血中ABO-HDN检出率显著高于B型血(P＜0.05),各血型Rh-HDN检出率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).女性疑似HDN新生儿中ABO-HDN检出率显著高于男性(P＜0.05),而不同性别疑似HDN新生儿Rh-HDN检出率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).随出生时间延长,ABO-HDN新生儿检出率逐渐减少,释放十游离试验阳性率逐渐减少,但释放单项试验阳性率逐渐增加.结论:HDN以ABO-HDN为主,出生3d内检出率最高,随出生时间的延长HDN检出率逐渐降低,但仍具有送检意义.