含高氮化合物的CMDB推进剂的燃烧特性

摘要

3 ,6-Bis(1H-1 ,2 ,3 ,4-tetrazol-5-yl-amino)-1 ,2 ,4 ,5-tetrazine (BTATz ) and 2-nitroimino-5-nitro-hexahydro-1 ,3 , 5-triazine (NNHT) were used as the energetic additives into the composite modified double-base (CMDB) propellants con-taining hexogen (RDX) or hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) ,and the influence rule of BTATz and NNHT on the burning rate ,flame ,and morphology of quenched surface of the propellants were investigated .The results show that BTATz can greatly increase the burning rate of propellant and NNHT helps to produce plateau burning effect .After RDX is completely substituted by BTATz or NNHT in the formulation ,the propellant combustion appears the particular dark zone morphology ,which is visibly different from original RDX-CMDB propellant ,and some diffused flame clusters occur on the combustion surface ,which profit from the high burning-rate nature of BTATz and NNHT ,without a melting process as RDX .The flame photos of RDX-CMDB propellants with and without high-nitrogen compound are similar in appearance , the generation of high-temperature carbon particles on the combustion surface is affected by the fusing RDX ,a fewer high-temperature carbon particles are highly unfavorable to improve the burning rate of RDX-CMDB propellant .The ordinary lead-copper-carbon catalyst system also shows the excellent effects on the combustion properties of the propellant ,coopera-ting with the catalyst system and NNHT ,the burning-rate pressure exponent of NNHT-RDX-CMDB propellant reduces to 0 .19 ,decreased by 76% ,and that of NNHT-HNIW-CMDB propellant reduces to 0 .42 ,decreased by 50 .6% .The cata-lyst system is insensitive to BTATz ,NNHT ,and HNIW ,the major catalyzed effect occurs essentially on the double-base propellant combustion surface and the condensed-gas phase closing to the combustion surface ,the combustion surface struc-ture is changed evidently ,and the combustion properties of CMDB propellants are improved finally.%以3,6-双(1-氢-1,2,3,4-四唑-5-氨基)-1,2,4,5-四嗪(BTATz)和2-硝亚胺基-5-硝基-六氢化-1,3,5-三嗪(NNHT)为含能添加剂应用于含RDX或HNIW的CMDB推进剂中,考察了BTATz和NNHT对推进剂燃速 、火焰和熄火表面形貌的影响.结果表明,BTATz能大大提高推进剂的燃速,而NNHT有助于推进剂产生平台燃烧,分别完全取代RDX后,推进剂的燃烧显现出不同于RDX-CMDB推进剂的独特的暗区形貌,在暗区内部存在由燃烧表面发出的发散火焰束,这主要得益于BTATz和NNHT自身高燃速特性及其燃烧时不存在如RDX的熔融过程;含与不含高氮化合物的RDX-CMDB推进剂火焰形貌类似,熔融态的RDX妨碍了燃烧表面高热碳粒的生成,较少的高热碳粒不利于RDX-CMDB推进剂燃速的提升;常用的铅-铜-碳催化体系对于推进剂的燃烧同样也具有理想的调节作用,在该催化体系与NNHT的协同作用下,8~22 MPa范围内NNHT-RDX-CMDB推进剂压强指数降至0.19,降幅达76%,NNHT-HNIW-CMDB推进剂压强指数降至0.42,降幅达50.6%;该催化体系对BTATz、NNHT、HNIW不敏感,催化体系本质上还是主要作用于双基基体,发生在燃烧表面及近燃面的凝/气相区,使得燃烧表面结构发生明显改变,CMDB推进剂燃烧性能得以改善.