树突状细胞在葡萄膜炎中的作用机制及临床应用前景

摘要

葡萄膜炎是主要以辅助性T细胞(Th)介导的自身免疫性疾病,是眼科常见的致盲眼病之一.树突状细胞(DCs)是目前已知的功能较强的专职抗原递呈细胞(APCs),能有效刺激初始型T细胞活化,是机体免疫应答的主要启动者,在自身免疫性疾病、移植排斥和调节免疫平衡中均发挥重要作用.DCs被认为是引起葡萄膜炎发病的起始细胞,可能是葡萄膜炎发生和发展的关键因素.近年来研究表明,DCs可以通过与多种免疫细胞相互作用,调节Th1、Th17与Th2的免疫平衡,诱导免疫耐受等,调节葡萄膜炎进程.DCs在葡萄膜炎中的作用逐渐受到重视.本文就DCs的生物学特性、DCs在葡萄膜组织中的生物学特点以及其在葡萄膜炎中的相关免疫调节机制和临床应用前景进行综述.%Uveitis is mainly T helper cells (Th)-mediated autoimmune disease.It is one of the common eye diseases causing blindness.Dendritic cells (DCs),which are now known as the most potential professional antigen presenting cells (APCs),and can stimulate naive T-cell activation effectively.DCs are believed to be the initial factor of the immune response,which play an important role in autoimmune disease,transplantation rejection and regulation of immune homeostasis.DCs are considered to be the initial cells to cause uveitis,and may be a key factor in pathogenesis and development of uveitis.In recent years,studies have shown that DCs can interact with a variety of immune cells,regulate the balance of Th1,Th2 and Th17,induce immune tolerance and adjust the process of uveitis.The role of DCs in uveitis is attached great importance.In this paper,the basic biological characteristics of DCs or in uveal tissue,the current knowledge on the regulation mechanism of DCs in uveitis and its clinical application prospects were reviewed.