广东省佛山市社区中老年人群无症状颅内动脉狭窄的横断面研究

摘要

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of asymptomatic intracranial artery stenosis in middle-aged and elderly population in the community of Foshan city,Guangdong province. Methods Subjects from residential communities were chosen through Cluster sampling method. Physical data and history were collected. Serum fasting glucose, total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations were tested with venous blood samples. Intracranial artery stenosis was diagnosed by transcranial Doppler(TCD). Data was analyzed by the software SPSS 18.0.Results 1405 subjects met the inclusive criteria, among which 163(11.6%)were found one(7.4%)or more(4.2%)stenotic arteries, and the standardized rate was 10.3%. 9.89% of the SICA, and 3.05%, 2.29%, 1.59%, 1.38%, 0.89% of basilar artery, middle cerebral artery, anterior lerebral artery,vertebral artery, posterior cerebral artery were found stenotic respectively. Data from the age-stratified analysis showed that the prevalence in these above 70(27.8%)was significantly higher than that under age 70(7.5%)(P=0.000). Single factor and logistic regression analysis demonstrated the history of diabetes mellitus and elevated systolic pressure present were significantly different between stenofic group and the non-stenotic group(P=0.000, P=0.000), which were the independent risk factors of asymptomatic stenosis of intracranial arteries(OR= 2.362,95%CI:1.194-4.674; OR= 1.024,95%CI:1.016-1.031). Conclusion Comparatively high prevalence of asymptomatic intracranial artery stenosis in middle-aged and aged community population was found in the Southern part of China,especially among the age group above 70. History of diabetes and elevated systolic pressure seemed to be the independent risk factors of asymptomatic stenosis of intracranial arteries.%目的 研究广东省佛山市社区中老年人群颅内动脉狭窄的患病率和危险因素.方法 以居委会为单位随机整群抽样.采集相关资料和临床指标,经颅多普勒超声(TCD)检测双侧颅内大动脉的狭窄情况.用SPSS 18.0软件进行数据统计分析.结果 在1405名研究对象中,163例(11.6%)存在颅内动脉狭窄,104例(7.4%)存在单一颅内动脉狭窄,59例(4.2%)存在2条及以上动脉狭窄,标化患病率为10.3%.颈内动脉虹吸段狭窄率最高(9.89%),其余依次为基底动脉(3.05%)、大脑中动脉(2.29%)、大脑前动脉(1.59%)、椎动脉(1.38%)、大脑后动脉(0.89%).年龄分层分析显示,70岁以上年龄组标化患病率(27.8%)显著高于70岁以下组(7.5%)(P=0.000).单因素分析显示,糖尿病史在狭窄组(8.6%)显著高于非狭窄组(2.7%)(P=0.000);平均收缩压在狭窄组显著高于非狭窄组(P=0.000).logistic回归分析证实糖尿病史和收缩压升高是无症状颅内动脉狭窄的独立危险因素(糖尿病史OR=2.362,95%CI:1.194～4.674,收缩压升高OR=1.024,95%CI:1.016-1.031).结论 无症状颅内动脉狭窄在中国南方地区中老年人群中有较高的患病率,尤其是70岁以上人群,累及颈内动脉虹吸段、基底动脉、大脑中动脉为多.糖尿病史和收缩压升高是无症状颅内动脉狭窄的独立危险因素.