激光冲击片雷管中飞片的结构优化及性能测试

摘要

In order to increase the utilization efficiency of laser slapper detonator,it′s necessary to improve and optimize the flyer structure. On the basis structure of flyer,the C/Al/Al2 O3/Al multi-flyers were prepared by the magnetron sputtering,and the per-formances of flyers were studied by scanning electron microscope. Taking advantage of photonic dopper velocimetry( PDV),it is found that the accelerating processes of flyers with different parameters are not same,and multi-flyer with the 0. 05/0. 7/0. 7/20.0 μm thickness 1.0 mm diameter reaches a maximum velocity of 2301 m·s-1. Combined with the analysis of physical proper-ties,the influence of each material used in multi-flyers were discussed. Results show that the velocity of multi-flyer is influenced by reflectivity,vaporization enthalpy and thermal diffusivity of graphite layer,as well as the compactness,ionization energy and ther-mal conductivity of alumina layer. The accelerating time of multi-flyer is determined by the physical properties of thermal conduc-tivity of graphite layer.%为有效提升激光冲击片雷管的能量利用率，需对雷管中的飞片结构进行设计和优化。在对飞片进行结构设计的基础上，采用磁控溅射和扫描电镜（ SEM）的方法完成了 C／Al／Al2 O3／Al飞片的制备和表征，获得了飞片各层的制备速率和表面形貌；采用光子多普勒测速系统（ PDV）测试了不同参数 C／Al／Al2 O3／Al飞片的加速历程，发现在相同激光入射能量下，不同参数飞片的加速历程有所不同，设计制备的0．05／0．7／0．7／20．0 μm复合飞片（Φ1．0mm）能量利用率最高，飞片速度达到2301 m·s－1。结合飞片各层材料的物理特性分析得到，石墨吸收层的反光系数、汽化能与导热性能，及 Al2 O3隔热层的表观致密度、电离势能和导热性能直接影响飞片的速度，而飞片加速时间与石墨吸收层较高的导热率相关。