福建省救护车使用情况及车辆配置调查

摘要

目的：调查福建省救护车使用情况及车辆配置，分析其对院前急救影响制约因素，并探讨解决办法。方法采用自行设计的调查表，于2013—2014年对分布于福建省的9个急救中心及其所辖的97个省市县级急诊科进行横断面调查。结果省级、市级、县级医院使用＜10年的救护车比率不同，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；两两比较显示，县级医院救护车使用＜10年的比率多于市级医院，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。省级、市级、县级医院救护车类型构成比不同，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；两两比较显示，市级与县级医院救护车类型构成比不同，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。省级医院监护型救护车内配备的心电图机（P=0.005）、输液泵（χ2=22.697，P<0.001）、微量泵（P<0.001）比例高于市级医院，差异有统计学意义；省级医院心电图机（P=0.003）比例高于县级医院，差异有统计学意义；市级医院气管插管（χ2=12.595，P<0.001）、血氧饱合度仪（χ2=7.319，P=0.007）、血糖仪（χ2=8.860，P=0.003）、输液泵（χ2=80.126，P<0.001）比例高于县级医院，差异有统计学意义。结论市级医院救护车使用年限过长，存在安全隐患；县级医院救护车车辆配置有待进一步加强，需相关部门研究探讨解决措施。%Objective To investigate the usage of ambulances and vehicle configuration in Fujian, and explore restraining factors and methods to solve the problems. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 9 emergency centers distributed in Fujian province and 97 emergency departments of provincial level, municipal level, and county level under the jurisdiction of Fujian province was conducted by self-designed questionnaires from 2013 to 2014. Results The difference of ratios of ambulances used less than 10 years in hospitals among provincial level, municipal level and county level was significant(P<0.05). The ratio of ambulances used less than 10 years in county-level hospitals was higher than that of municipal-level hospitals, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The difference of constituent ratios of ambulances types in hospitals among provincial level, municipal level, and county level was significant (P<0.05). Types of ambulances were compared between hospitals of municipal level, and county level (P<0.001). There were more provincial hospitals equipped with electrocardiograph (P=0.005), infusion pump (χ 2=22.697,P<0.001) and micro pump (P<0.001) in the ward-type ambulances compared with hospitals of municipal level, and provincial level hospitals equipped with more electrocardiographs (P=0.003) compared with county level hospitals. There were more trachea cannulas (χ 2=12.595,P<0.001), pulse oximeter (χ 2=7.319,P=0.007), glucometer (χ 2=8.860,P=0.003) and infusion pump (χ 2=80.126, P<0.001) in municipal level hospitals than in county level hospitals. Conclusions The service life of ambulance in municipal level hospitals was too long, which may bring about potential safety hazard. And the vehicle configuration of the ambulances in county level hospitals is needed to be enhanced, which needs the authorities to search for appropriate methods to solve the problems.