有营养风险患者术后肠内、肠外营养支持模式与不经筛查术后全部应用肠外营养对结直肠癌患者结局的影响:60例回顾性研究

摘要

目的 探讨存在营养风险的结直肠癌手术患者,联合肠内与肠外营养模式对临床结局的影响.方法 采用不同年份的队列对比研究方法,按回顾性研究计划得到两个群体.2009至2010年按入院次序,收集到的符合研究标准的患者30例为研究群体,均接受结直肠癌手术,住院后第1天进行营养风险筛查,评分≥3分给予营养支持；术前3d完全口服肠内营养制剂进行肠道准备,不用任何泻药和灌肠；术后进行肠外联合肠内营养支持.对照群体为2007至2008年30例同类患者,术前不进行任何营养评价,常规肠道准备(控制饮食、口服泻药和灌肠),术后均单纯接受肠外营养支持,比较两群体术后营养指标的变化和全身炎性反应综合征的发生率、感染并发症的发生率、术后住院时间.结果 两群体术后分别接受相近能量的、不同途径的营养支持,在体重变化和血浆前白蛋白水平的变化方面差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05),在临床结局指标方面,研究群体全身炎性反应综合征的发生率(13.3％)、感染并发症的发生率(10.0％)和术后住院时间[(12.3±6.5)d]显著低于对照群体[分别为33％、30％、(15.0±7.2)d],差异具有统计学意义(P=0.038,P=0.042,P=0.045).结论 对于结直肠癌手术患者,入院时应进行营养风险筛查,有营养风险者,术前口服肠内营养支持清洁肠道,术后联合营养支持有益于改善临床结局.%Objective To explore the clinical outcome of the combined nutrition support for colorectal cancer patients.Methods Two research arms were obtained using a cohort sampling method.Ann A ( the study group): from 2009 to 2010,30 colorectal cancer patients were enrolled.They received nutritional risk screening (NRS) 2002 after admission.Nutritional risk was defined as NRS 2002 score ≥3 three days before operation.Patients with nutritional risk received enteral nutrition (EN) for bowel preparation without laxative drug and enema.After operation,they received EN combined with parenteral nutrition (PN) supports provided.Arm B (control group): 30 cases with historically confirmed colorectal cancer were enrolled from 2007 to 2008.They received routine bowel preparation (diet control,laxative drug,and enema) and PN supports after operation.Nutritional parameters,the rate of infectious complications,the rate of systemic inflammatory response syndrome,and the duration of hospital stay were analyzed.Results There were no significant difference in body weight and plasma albumin between these two arms ( P ＞ 0.05 ). The incidence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (13.3 ％ ),infectious complications (10.0％ ),and the duration of hospital stay [ (12.3 ± 6.5 ) d ] in arm A were significantly lowerthan those in arm B [33％,30％,and (15.0 ±7.2) d,respectively] (P =0.038,P =0.042,P =0.045).Conclusion For the colorectal cancer patients,nutritional risk screening on admission,bowel preparation with eneral nutrition before operation,and combined nutritional support after operation can improve the clinical outcome.