微小RNA调控肠屏障损伤相关炎性疾病的研究进展

摘要

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small (about 22 nucleotides),endogenous,noncoding RNAs that direct mRNA degradation and translational inhibition post-transcriptionally by binding to complementary sequences in the 3' untranslated regions of specific target mRNAs.miRNAs play multiple important roles in the intestinal epithelium,influencing a number of intestinal disease processes.This review summarizes the regulatory roles of miRNA in intestinal epithelial differentiation,architecture,membrane permeability,immunological function,and more importantly,the intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction-associated diseases.%成熟微小RNA (miRNA)是一类内源性的长度约22个核苷酸的非编码RNA,能在转录后水平负性调节靶mRNA表达.miRNA在肠道的差异性表达是调控肠屏障功能的重要环节.miRNA影响肠道上皮细胞的增殖、分化以及肠道黏膜的免疫功能,与多种肠道炎性疾病如感染性腹泻、炎症性肠病、肠易激综合症等的发生发展密切相关.